- Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel quinazolinyl-diaryl urea derivatives as potential anticancer agents
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Through a structure-based molecular hybridization approach, a series of novel quinazolinyl-diaryl urea derivatives were designed, synthesized, and screened for their in vitro antiproliferative activities against three cancer cell lines (HepG2, MGC-803, and A549). Six compounds (7g, 7m, 7o, 8e, 8g, and 8m) showed stronger activity against a certain cell line compared with the positive reference drugs sorafenib and gefitinib. Among the six compounds, 8g exhibited the strongest activity. In particular, compound 8g induced A549 apoptosis, arrested cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species level, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. This compound can also effectively regulate the expression of apoptosis- and cell cycle-related proteins, and influence the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway. Molecular docking and structure-activity relationship analyses revealed that it can bind well to the active site of the receptor c-Raf, which was consistent with the biological data. Therefore, compound 8g may be a potent antitumor agent, representing a promising lead for further optimization.
- Chen, Jia-Nian,Wang, Xian-Fu,Li, Ting,Wu, De-Wen,Fu, Xiao-Bo,Zhang, Guang-Ji,Shen, Xing-Can,Wang, Heng-Shan
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Read Online
- Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 11-[3-[(arylcarbamoyl)oxy]propylamino]-11-deoxy-6-O-methyl-3-oxoerythromycin A 11-N,12-O-cyclic carbamate derivatives
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A series of novel 11-[3-[(arylcarbamoyl)oxy]propylamino]-11-deoxy-6-O-methyl-3-oxoerythromycin A 11-N,12-O-cyclic carbamate derivatives (6a-h) were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial activities in vitro. Most of these compounds had significant antibacterial activity against two groups of pathogens of Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 50 =0.031-2 μg ml -1) except 6g and Methicillin-sensitive S. epidermidis (MIC 50 =0.031-0.5 μg ml -1). MIC 90 of 6d against Methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis was at least 16-fold better than that of erythromycin (EMA), azithromycin (AZM) and ABT-773. 6d and 6e had more potent antibacterial activity against S. pneumoniae than EMA, AZM and ABT-773. In particular, compounds 6d and 6e also showed relatively potent activity against Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus hemolyticus.
- Zheng, Zhonghui,Du, Deping,Cao, Lili,Liu, Jun,Chen, Xiaofang
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Read Online
- Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of tetrahydroisoquinoline-based diaryl urea derivatives for suppressing VEGFR-2 signaling
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A novel structural series of tetrahydroisoquinoline-based compounds that incorporate the diaryl urea moiety was designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated as suppressors of VEFGR-2 signaling. As a consequence, compounds 9k and 9s exhibited comparable or superior cytotoxic activity to that of gefitinib against the tested three cell lines, including A549, MCF-7, and PC-3. Importantly, both of them downregulated the expression of VEGFR-2, and inhibited VEGFR-2 phosphorylation at the concentration of 0.5 or 1.0 μmol/l. Besides, they suppressed human umbilical vein endothelial cell tube formation at the concentration of 4.0 μmol/l. Considering their capability of down-regulating VEGFR-2 expression and inhibiting VEGFR-2 phosphorylation, 9k and 9s may serve as suppressors of angiogenesis for further investigation.
- Huang, Yuanzheng,Zhang, Yang,Li, Jiaming,Ma, Xiaodong,Hu, Mengqi,Yang, Yu,Gao, Sufan
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- Antimalarial activity of novel imidazoisoquinolinone derivatives correlates with heme binding affinity
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A series of novel imidazoisoquinolinone derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro antimalarial efficacy against chloroquine sensitive GHA strain of Plasmodium falciparum. Compounds 2, 4, 6, 9, and 17 revealed moderate to good activities in the micromolar range. Binding interaction between these active compounds and heme were determined and correlated with antimalarial activity. A good correlation (r = 0.98) was observed between antimalarial activity and the heme dissociation constants (K d). These suggest that antimalarial mode of action of this class of compounds appears to be similar to that of chloroquine and involves the inhibition of hemozoin formation.
- Bollini, Mariela,Casal, Juan J.,Asís, Silvia E.,Leal, Emilse S.,Bruno, Ana M.
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Read Online
- Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationship study of novel urea compounds as FGFR1 inhibitors to treat metastatic triple-negative breast cancer
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Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive type of cancer characterized by higher metastatic and reoccurrence rates, where approximately one-third of TNBC patients suffer from the metastasis in the brain. At the same time, TNBC shows good responses to chemotherapy, a feature that fuels the search for novel compounds with therapeutic potential in this area. Recently, we have identified novel urea-based compounds with cytotoxicity against selected cell lines and with the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier in vivo. We have synthesized and analyzed a library of more than 40 compounds to elucidate the key features responsible for the observed activity. We have also identified FGFR1 as a molecular target that is affected by the presence of these compounds, confirming our data using in silico model. Overall, we envision that these compounds can be further developed for the potential treatment of metastatic breast cancer.
- Akwii, Racheal,Alvina, Karina,Ashraf-Uz-Zaman, Md,Farshbaf, Mohammad Jodeiri,German, Nadezhda A.,Kallem, Raja Reddy,Mikelis, Constantinos M.,Putnam, William,Sajib, Md Sanaullah,Shahi, Sadisna,Trippier, Paul C.,Wang, Wei,Zhang, Ruiwen
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- Synthesis and structure-activity relationship study of pyrrolidine-oxadiazoles as anthelmintics against Haemonchus contortus
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Parasitic roundworms (nematodes) are significant pathogens of humans and animals and cause substantive socioeconomic losses due to the diseases that they cause. The control of nematodes in livestock animals relies heavily on the use of anthelmintic drugs. However, their extensive use has led to a widespread problem of drug resistance in these worms. Thus, the discovery and development of novel chemical entities for the treatment of parasitic worms of humans and animals is needed. Herein, we describe our medicinal chemistry optimization efforts of a phenotypic hit against Haemonchus contortus based on a pyrrolidine-oxadiazole scaffold. This led to the identification of compounds with potent inhibitory activities (IC50 = 0.78–22.4 μM) on the motility and development of parasitic stages of H. contortus, and which were found to be highly selective in a mammalian cell counter-screen. These compounds could be used as suitable chemical tools for drug target identification or as lead compounds for further optimization.
- Ruan, Banfeng,Zhang, Yuezhou,Tadesse, Solomon,Preston, Sarah,Taki, Aya C.,Jabbar, Abdul,Hofmann, Andreas,Jiao, Yaqing,Garcia-Bustos, Jose,Harjani, Jitendra,Le, Thuy Giang,Varghese, Swapna,Teguh, Silvia,Xie, Yiyue,Odiba, Jephthah,Hu, Min,Gasser, Robin B.,Baell, Jonathan
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supporting information
(2020/02/04)
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- Discovery of N-phenyl-(2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine-5-sulfonamido) phenylurea-based thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibitor as a novel multi-effects antitumor drugs with minimal toxicity
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Thymidylate synthase (TS) is a hot target for tumor chemotherapy, and its inhibitors are an essential direction for anti-tumor drug research. To our knowledge, currently, there are no reported thymidylate synthase inhibitors that could inhibit cancer cell migration. Therefore, for optimal therapeutic purposes, combines our previous reports and findings, we hope to obtain a multi-effects inhibitor. This study according to the principle of flattening we designed and synthesized 18 of N-phenyl-(2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine-5-sulfonamido)phenyl urea derivatives as multi-effects inhibitors. The biological evaluation results showed that target compounds could significantly inhibit the hTS enzyme, BRaf kinase and EGFR kinase activity in vitro, and most of the compounds had excellent anti-cell viability for six cancer cell lines. Notably, the candidate compound L14e (IC50 = 0.67 μM) had the superior anti-cell viability and safety to A549 and H460 cells compared with pemetrexed. Further studies had shown that L14e could cause G1/S phase arrest then induce intrinsic apoptosis. Transwell, western blot, and tube formation results proved that L14e could inhibit the activation of the EGFR signaling pathway, then ultimately achieve the purpose of inhibiting cancer cell migration and angiogenesis in cancer tissues. Furthermore, in vivo pharmacology evaluations of L14e showed significant antitumor activity in A549 cells xenografts with minimal toxicity. All of these results demonstrated that the L14e has the potential for drug discovery as a multi-effects inhibitor and provides a new reference for clinical treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.
- Li, Xin-yang,Zhang, Ting-jian,Kamara, Mohamed Olounfeh,Lu, Guo-qing,Xu, Hai-li,Wang, De-pu,Meng, Fan-hao
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- Phenylquinoline transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 antagonists for the treatment of pain: Discovery of 1-(2-phenylquinoline-4-carbonyl)-N-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide
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Reported herein is the design, synthesis, and pharmacologic characterization of a class of TRPV1 antagonists constructed on a phenylquinoline platform that evolved from Cinchophen lead. This design composes three sections: a phenylquinoline headgroup attached to an aliphatic carboxamides, which is tethered at a phenyl tail group. Optimization of this design led to the identification of 37, comprising a pyrrolidine linker and a trifluoromethyl–phenyl tail. In the TRPV1 functional assay, using cells expressed hTRPV1, 37 antagonized capsaicin-induced Ca2+ influx, with an IC50 value of 10.2 nM. In the complete mice analgesic model, 37 exhibited better antinociceptive activity than the positive control BCTC in diverse pain models. All of these results suggested that 37 could be considered as a lead candidate for the further development of antinociceptive drugs.
- Liao, Chen,Liu, Yan,Liu, Chunxia,Zhou, Jiaqi,Li, Huilan,Wang, Nasi,Li, Jieming,Liu, Taiyu,Ghaleb, Hesham,Huang, Wenlong,Qian, Hai
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p. 845 - 854
(2018/01/10)
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- Synthesis and nematicidal activity of piperazinedione derivatives based on the natural product Barettin
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Nematodes are serious constraints of crop production worldwide. However, the traditional nematicides suffer from the side-effects, including environmental and human toxicity. Herein, more than 70 novel piperazinedione derivatives based on the natural product Barettin were synthesized and evaluated against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita (M. incognita). While most of synthesized compounds exhibited certain nematicidal activity at high concentration, the best one showed a nematicidal activity of 75% at 2.4 μmol/L.
- Sun, Haiyang,Li, Hui,Wang, Jiayi,Song, Gonghua
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p. 977 - 980
(2017/11/16)
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- Copper-catalyzed N[sbnd]H/S[sbnd]H functionalization: A strategy for the synthesis of benzothiadiazine derivatives
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A copper-mediated N[sbnd]S bond-forming reaction via N[sbnd]H/S[sbnd]H activation is described. This reaction occurs under mild conditions with high efficiency, step economy, and tolerates a wide variety of functional groups, providing an efficient means of accessing biologically important 1,2,4-benzothiadiazin-3(4H)-ones.
- Do?an, ?engül Dilem
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p. 2217 - 2224
(2017/03/24)
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- Structure-activity relationship study towards non-peptidic positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer for gastrin releasing peptide receptors: Development of [18F] (S)-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-N-[1-[5-(2-fluoroethoxy)pyridin-2-yl]cyclohexylmethyl]
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Gastrin-releasing peptide receptors (GRP-Rs, also known as bombesin 2 receptors) are overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, including prostate cancer, and therefore they represent a promising target for in vivo imaging of tumors using positron emiss
- Lacivita, Enza,Kwizera, Chantal,Perrone, Roberto,Lucente, Ermelinda,Antunes, Ines F.,Colabufo, Nicola A.,Niso, Mauro,Elsinga, Philip H.,Leopoldo, Marcello,De Giorgio, Paola,Perrone, Roberto,Colabufo, Nicola A.,Leopoldo, Marcello
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p. 277 - 292
(2016/12/22)
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- Method for preparing isocyanate by using amine and carbonyl fluoride
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The invention discloses an efficient synthesis method for preparing corresponding isocyanate by enabling carbonyl fluoride to directly react with amine. The efficient synthesis method mainly comprises the following two steps: carrying out acylation reaction on the amine and the carbonyl fluoride according to a preferable proportion in an anhydrous inertial organic solvent under a sealed environment and a proper reaction condition, thus generating an intermediate-carbamyl fluoride; (2) carrying out dehydrofluorination on the intermediate-carbamyl fluoride under normal pressure and the proper reaction condition, thus obtaining the target isocyanate. During a reaction process, addition of a catalyst is not needed, the reaction conditions are mild, excessive carbonyl fluoride and a used solvent during the reaction process can be efficiently recycled and reused, and a by-product HF can be commercially sold after being collected and refined.
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Paragraph 0065-0066
(2017/07/07)
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- Aza-acridine compound and preparation method and application thereof
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The invention discloses a method for efficiently preparing an aza-acridine compound. The structural formula of the aza-acridine compound is shown as a formula I; the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding a 2-aminoquinoline-3-methanamide compound and a solvent under an air condition, and heating to reaction temperature; after the reaction is ended, separating and purifying to obtain multisubstituted acridine derivatives shown as the following formula, wherein the reaction temperature is 100 to 200DEG C, and the reaction time is 1 to 24 hours. A synthetic method of the aza-acridine compound, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages of scientificity, reasonability, simple and easily-operated synthesis process and high synthetic yield; a product is easy to purify. The invention also relates to the aza-acridine compound which can be used for inhibiting EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) and SrC, a preparation method of the aza-acridine compound, activity of a drug containing the aza-acridine compound and the application of the drug. The compound is shown in a formula II and can be used for preparing an EGFR and SrC activity inhibitor and a disease treatment medicine activated and mediated by the EGFR and the SrC.
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Paragraph 0101; 0131; 0132
(2017/07/21)
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- With anti-tumor effect of a quinazoline-urea derivative and its application (by machine translation)
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The present invention relates to a of the general formula (II) anti-tumor function of said quinazoline-urea derivative and its application. The definition of the substituent in the general formula (II) in the specification. This invention, in order to SUO draw non-Buddhist nun and Geftinat compounds as the precursor, retention of SUO draw non-Buddhist nun the pharmocology-carbamido; at the same time, such as in reserved [...] EGFR-TKIs Geftinat, synthesis, and obtain a series of quinazoline-urea derivatives, by the in vitro activity tests, some compounds exhibit excellent anti-tumor activity, such derivatives have high research and utility value. (II). (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0139-0142; 0173
(2016/11/02)
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- 3, 4, 5-tri-substituted oxazolidinone compounds and its preparation method (by machine translation)
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The invention discloses a formula (I) of the structure shown in the 3, 4, 5? Tri-substituted oxazolidinone compound preparation method, the preparation method comprises: in the organic solvent, like type compound of the structure shown in the (II), of the structure shown in the formula (III) compound, organic base and the contact reaction mixture CuI, wherein R1 is selected from H, C1? C6 alkyl or nitro, R2 is selected from H or C1? C6 alkyl, R3 is selected from H, C1? C10 alkyl or vinyl. The steps of the preparation method is simple, is easy to obtain raw materials and catalyst, mild reaction conditions and high yield, (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0047; 0049
(2017/04/05)
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- A precursor [...] the synthetic method of the compound of
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The invention discloses a synthetic method of a novel apixaban precursor compound. The synthetic method comprises the following steps: the apixaban precursor compound (5) (shown in the specification) is subjected to cyclization to obtain the lactam target product apixaban precursor compound I (shown in the specification). According to the invention, the apixaban precursor compound (5) is adopted to prepare ethyl 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-(4-nitrophenyl)-7-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-3-carboxylate, the yield can reach 87%, and in the entire synthetic route, the lowest yield of each step can reach over 80%, the total yield can reach about 49%, and valuable catalysts or reagents polluting the environment seriously are not used in the entire process.
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Paragraph 0035; 0040; 0041
(2017/01/19)
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- Syntheses of isocyanates via amines and carbonyl fluoride
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Isocyanates are widely used in many different areas, but the most common synthesis route-phosgene route cannot fit the more and more rigorous restriction of safety and environment. Here, a facile synthesis method of isocyanates via amines and carbonyl fluoride is proven feasibly by expanding its applications to the syntheses of nine different isocyanates. And two differences with the phosgene route are proposed. The reaction could occur under milder conditions and afford isocyanates in good yields, especially for the isocyanates containing electron withdrawing groups. It is appealing for industrial application.
- Quan, Hengdao,Zhang, Ni,Zhou, Xiaomeng,Qian, Hua,Sekiya, Akira
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supporting information
p. 26 - 30
(2015/06/08)
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- Mechanism of sulfur transfer from 1,2,4-dithiazolidine-3,5-diones to triphenylphosphines
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The mechanism of sulfurization of substituted triphenylphosphines with 4-(3- and 4-substituted)-1,2,4-dithiazolidine-3,5-diones in acetonitrile, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran and toluene at 25°C was studied. The reaction pathway involves rate-limiting initial nucleophilic attack of the phosphorus at sulfur followed by fast decomposition of the phosphonium intermediate to the corresponding phosphine sulfide, phenylisocyanate and carbonylsulfide. From the Hammett correlations and from the solvent dependency, it was concluded that the transition-state structure is very polar and resembles the zwitter-ionic intermediate. The extent of P-S bond formation and S-S bond cleavage is very similar in the solvents series, but the latter gradually decreases with the decreasing polarity of the solvent. Copyright 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The mechanism of sulfurization of substituted triphenylphosphines with 4-(3- and 4-substituted)-1,2,4-dithiazolidine-3,5- diones in acetonitrile, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran and toluene at 25°C was studied. The reaction pathway involves rate-limiting initial nucleophilic attack of the phosphorus at sulfur followed by fast decomposition of the phosphonium intermediate to the corresponding phosphine sulfide, phenylisocyanate and carbonylsulfide. The transition-state structure is very polar and resembles the zwitter-ionic phosphonium intermediate. Copyright
- Ponomarov, Oleksandr,Padelkova, Zdenka,Hanusek, Jiri
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p. 560 - 564
(2013/07/26)
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- Structure-activity relationship studies of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives leading to the discovery of a novel multikinase inhibitor that potently inhibits FLT3 and VEGFR2 and evaluation of its activity against acute myeloid leukemia in vitro and in vivo
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We describe the structural optimization of a hit compound, 1-(4-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamino)phenyl)-3-(3-methoxyphenyl)urea (1), which exhibits inhibitory activity but low potency against FLT3 and VEGFR2. A series of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized, and structure-activity relationship analysis using cell- and transgenic-zebrafish- based assays led to the discovery of a number of compounds that exhibited both high potency against FLT3-driven human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) MV4-11 cells and a considerable antiangiogenic effect in transgenic-zebrafish-based assays. The compound 1-(4-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin -4-yloxy)phenyl)-3-(4-chloro-3- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)urea (33), which exhibited the highest activity in preliminary in vivo anti-AML assays, was chosen for further anti-AML studies. The results demonstrated that compound 33 is a multikinase inhibitor that potently inhibits FLT3 and VEGFR2. In an MV4-11 xenograft mouse model, a once-daily dose of compound 33 at 10 mg/kg for 18 days led to complete tumor regression without obvious toxicity. Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to determine the mechanism of action of compound 33.
- Yang, Ling-Ling,Li, Guo-Bo,Ma, Shuang,Zou, Chan,Zhou, Shu,Sun, Qi-Zheng,Cheng, Chuan,Chen, Xin,Wang, Li-Jiao,Feng, Shan,Li, Lin-Li,Yang, Sheng-Yong
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p. 1641 - 1655
(2013/04/10)
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- (Tosylimino)phenyl-λ3-iodane as a reagent for the synthesis of methyl carbamates via hofmann rearrangement of aromatic and aliphatic carboxamides
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A new, mild procedure for the Hofmann rearrangement of aromatic and aliphatic carboxamides using (tosylimino)phenyl-λ3-iodane, PhINTs, as a reagent is reported. Because of the mild reaction conditions, this method is particularly useful for the Hofmann rearrangement of substituted benzamides, which usually afford complex reaction mixtures with other hypervalent iodine oxidants. The mild reaction conditions and high selectivity in the reaction of carboxamides with PhINTs allow the isolation of the initially formed labile isocyanates or their subsequent conversion to stable carbamates by treatment with alcohols.
- Yoshimura, Akira,Luedtke, Matthew W.,Zhdankin, Viktor V.
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experimental part
p. 2087 - 2091
(2012/05/05)
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- Design, synthesis and anticancer activities of diaryl urea derivatives bearing N-acylhydrazone moiety
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A new series of diaryl urea derivatives bearing N-acylhydrazone moiety were designed and synthesized. All the target compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities in vitro against human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line (A549), human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) and human leukemia cell line (HL-60) by standard 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Several compounds (1a, 1f and 1h) were further evaluated against human embryonic fibroblast, lung-derived cell line (WI38). The pharmacological results indicated that some compounds exhibited promising anticancer activities. In particular, compound 1f showed the most potent cytotoxicity against the tested three cell lines with IC50 values of 0.41 μM, 0.24 μM and 0.23 μM, respectively.
- Zhang, Bei,Zhao, Yanfang,Zhai, Xin,Wang, Lihui,Yang, Jingyu,Tan, Zehui,Gong, Ping
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experimental part
p. 1046 - 1054
(2012/09/07)
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- Design, synthesis and antitumor activity of 4-aminoquinazoline derivatives targeting VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase
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We report herein the design and synthesis of novel 4-aminoquinazoline derivatives based on the inhibitors of VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinases. The VEGFR-2 inhibitory activities of these newly synthesized compounds were also evaluated and compared with that of ZD6
- Yu, Bing,Tang, Li-Da,Li, Yi-Liang,Song, Shu-Hui,Ji, Xiao-Liang,Lin, Mu-Sen,Wu, Chun-Fu
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scheme or table
p. 110 - 114
(2012/02/16)
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- Discovery of 1-[4-(N-benzylamino)phenyl]-3-phenylurea derivatives as non-peptidic selective SUMO-sentrin specific protease (SENP)1 inhibitors
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We developed 1-[4-(N-benzylamino)phenyl]-3-phenylurea derivative 4 (GN6958) as a non-peptidic selective SUMO-sentrin specific protease (SENP)1 protease inhibitor based on the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α inhibitor 1 (GN6767). The direct interaction of compound 1 with SENP1 protein in cells was observed by the pull-down experiments using the biotin-tagged compound 2 coated on the streptavidin affinity column. Among the various 1-[4-(N-benzylamino) phenyl]-3-phenylurea derivatives tested, compounds 3 and 4 suppressed HIF-1α accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner without affecting the expression level of tubulin protein in HeLa cells. Both compounds inhibited SENP1 protease activity in a concentration-dependent manner, and compound 4 exhibited more potent inhibition than compound 3. Compound 4 exhibited selective inhibition against SENP1 protease activity without inhibiting other protease enzyme activities in vitro.
- Uno, Masaharu,Koma, Yosuke,Ban, Hyun Seung,Nakamura, Hiroyuki
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 5169 - 5173
(2012/09/07)
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- Discovery of N6-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-3,6-diamine derivatives as novel CK1 inhibitors using common-feature pharmacophore model based virtual screening and hit-to-lead optimization
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Aberrant activation of casein kinase 1 (CK1) has been demonstrated to be implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer and various central nervous system disorders. Discovery of CK1 inhibitors has thus attracted much attention in recent years. In this account, we describe the discovery of N6-phenyl-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-3,6-diamine derivatives as novel CK1 inhibitors. An optimal common-feature pharmacophore hypothesis, termed Hypo2, was firstly generated, followed by virtual screening using Hypo2 against several chemical databases. One of the best hit compounds, N6-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d] pyrimidine-3,6-diamine, was chosen for the subsequent hit-to-lead optimization under the guide of Hypo2, which led to the discovery of a new lead compound (1-(3-(3-amino-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-6-ylamino)phenyl)-3-(3-chloro-4- fluorophenyl)urea) that potently inhibits CK1 with an IC50 value of 78 nM.
- Yang, Ling-Ling,Li, Guo-Bo,Yan, Heng-Xiu,Sun, Qi-Zheng,Ma, Shuang,Ji, Pan,Wang, Ze-Rong,Feng, Shan,Zou, Jun,Yang, Sheng-Yong
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- Investigating N-methoxy-N′-aryl ureas in oxidative C-H olefination reactions: An unexpected oxidation behaviour
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Herein, we report a urea derived directing group for mild and highly selective oxidative C-H bond olefination. Subsequent intramolecular Michael addition affords dihydroquinazolinones in good yields. The N-O bond of the urea substrate exhibits superior oxidative behaviour compared to a variety of other external oxidants. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2011.
- Willwacher, Jens,Rakshit, Souvik,Glorius, Frank
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 4736 - 4740
(2011/08/06)
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- Synthesis of aryl urea derivatives from aryl amines and aryl isocyanates
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The present study describes the synthesis of novel diaryl urea derivatives derived from aryl amine and aryl isocyanates. The synthesized compounds are analogs of sorafenib [4-[4-[[[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amino]carbonyl] amino]phenoxy]-N-methylpyridine-2- carboxamide] having potential antiproliferative activity.
- Usharani,Bhujanga Rao,Reddy,Dubey
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experimental part
p. 1802 - 1806
(2011/12/22)
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- Study on the selectivity of anion receptors by adjusting the distance of two urea fragments and their analytical application
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Three anion receptors based on urea: 1 N, N′-bis-(p- nitrophenylaminocarbonyl)-Hydrazine, 2 N, N′-bis-(p-nitrophenylaminocar- bonyl)-ethylenediamine and 3 N, N′-bis-(p-nitrophenylaminocarbonyl)-1, 3-propane-diamine are designed and synthesized. Studies of
- Huang, Weiwei,Li, Jianwei,Lin, Hai,Lin, Huakuan
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scheme or table
p. 101 - 106
(2012/02/06)
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- 1-propanephosphonic acid cyclic anhydride (T3P) as an efficient promoter for the Lossen rearrangement: Application to the synthesis of urea and carbamate derivatives
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The synthesis of hydroxamic acids starting from carboxylic acids employing 1-propanephosphonic acid cyclic anhydride (T3P) activation is described. Application of ultrasonication accelerates this conversion. Further, the T3P has also been employed to activate the hydroxamates, leading to isocyanates via the Lossen rearrangement. The isocyanates were trapped with suitable nucleophiles to afford the corresponding ureas and carbamates. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart New York.
- Vasantha, Basavalingappa,Hemantha, Hosahalli P.,Sureshbabu, Vommina V.
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experimental part
p. 2990 - 2996
(2010/10/21)
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- New and simple synthesis of acid azides, ureas and carbamates from carboxylic acids: Application of peptide coupling agents EDC and HBTU
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Conversion of carboxylic acids into acid azides using peptide coupling agents, EDC and HBTU is described. The procedure is efficient, practical and applicable to a diverse range of carboxylic acids including N-protected amino acids. Using the same reagents, one-pot synthesis of ureas, dipeptidyl urea esters and carbamates from acids has also been achieved. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2010.
- Sureshbabu, Vommina V.,Lalithamba,Narendra,Hemantha
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experimental part
p. 835 - 840
(2010/06/20)
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- Triphenylamine-based receptor for selective recognition of dicarboxylates
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A new triphenylamine-based receptor 1 has been designed and synthesized for the recognition of aliphatic dicarboxylates of various chain lengths. This receptor has been designed to utilize an amide-urea conjugate for binding dicarboxylates. The receptor 1
- Ghosh, Kumaresh,Saha, Indrajit,Masanta, Goutam,Wang, Evan B.,Parish, Carol A.
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scheme or table
p. 343 - 347
(2010/03/24)
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- Anthracene appended pyridinium amide-urea conjugate in selective fluorometric sensing of L-N-acetylvaline salt
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A new anthracene labeled pyridinium amide-urea conjugate 1 has been designed and synthesized. The receptor shows a different fluorometric response with L-N-acetylvaline and L-N-acetylalanine salts in CH3CN in contrast to the other salts of L-N-
- Ghosh, Kumaresh,Sarkar, Tanmay,Chattopadhyay, Asoke P.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 1211 - 1218
(2011/03/22)
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- Carbonyldiimidazole-mediated lossen rearrangement
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[Chemical Equation Presented] Carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) was found to mediate the Lossen rearrangement of various hydroxamic acids to isocyanates. This process is experimentally simple and mild, with imidazole and CO 2 being the sole stoichiometric byproduct. Significant for large-scale application, the method avoids the use of hazardous reagents and thus represents a green alternative to standard processing conditions for the Curtius and Hofmann rearrangements.
- Dube, Pascal,Fine Nathel, Noah F.,Vetelino, Michael,Couturier, Michel,Aboussafy, Claude Larrivee,Pichette, Simon,Jorgensen, Matthew L.,Hardink, Mark
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 5622 - 5625
(2010/03/02)
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- Substituent-dependent disassembly of self-immolative dendrimers
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Self-immolative dendrimers are tree-like platforms, which can spontaneously release all their end-group molecules through a single activation event at the dendrimer's focal point. This triggering event induces domino-like fragmentations, which leads to co
- Perry, Rotem,Amir, Roey J.,Shabat, Doron
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p. 1307 - 1312
(2008/03/12)
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- Kinetic and mechanistic study on the thermal reactivity of stabilized phosphorus ylides, part 3: [(Acetyl) (arylcarbamoyl)-methylene] triphenylphosphoranes and [(alkoxy-carbonyl) (arylcarbamoyl)-methylene] triphenylphosphoranes and their thiocarbamoyl analogues
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A series of five [(acety])(arylcarbabmoyl)methylene]triphenyl-phosphoranes 1a-e and their thiocarbamoyl analogues 2a-e, |(alkoxycarbonyl)(arylcarbamoyl) methylene]triphenylphosphoranes 3a-e and thiocarbamoyl analogues 4a-e were prepared and fully characterized. All ylides are found under conditions of flash vacuum pyrolysis to fragment giving arylisocyanate or isothiocyanate and acetyl ylides or alkoxy ylides which undergo thermal extrusion of Ph3PO. A kinetic study shows that these reactions are unimolecular and are of first-order nature with no significant substituent effect. The thiocarbamoyl ylides 2 react from 4.6 to 42 times faster than their carbamoyl ylides 1, while the thiocarbamoyl ylides 4 react from 6.6 to 20.9 times faster than their carbamoyl ylides 3.
- Aitken, R. Alan,Al-Awadi, Nouria A.,Dawson, Graham,El-Dusouqui, Osman,Kaul, Kamini,Kumar, Ajith
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- Novel and efficient synthesis of 4-substituted-1,2,4-triazolidine-3,5- diones from anilines
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A simple and efficient three-step synthetic procedure for the preparation of 4-substituted phenyl derivatives of 1,2,4-triazolidindiones (urazoles), starting from anilines, has been developed. In this method, aniline derivatives were reacted with 4-nitrophenyl chloroformate to provide corresponding carbamate derivatives. In the second step, semicarbazide derivatives were prepared from these carbamates by reaction with ethyl carbazate. The cyclization reaction of corresponding semicarbazides furnished 1,2,4-triazolidindiones in high yields. Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Mallakpour, Shadpour,Rafiee, Zahra
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p. 1927 - 1934
(2008/02/04)
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- Synthesis, thermal reactivity and kinetics of substituted [(benzoyl)(phenylcarbamoyl)methylene]triphenylphosphoranes and their thiocarbamoyl analogues
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A range of 16 substituted benzoyl/arylcarbamoyl and benzoyl/ arylthiocarbamoyl stabilised ylides have been prepared. They are found under conditions of flash vacuum pyrolysis to fragment giving a benzoyl ylide and aryl isocyanate or isothiocyanate accompanied in some cases by secondary pyrolysis products. Kinetic studies show the thiocarbamoyl ylides to react consistently faster than their carbamoyl analogues and substituent effects suggest a polar cyclic transition state, which involves attack by the benzoyl oxygen on the carbamoyl/thiocarbamoyl NH. Graphical Abstract.
- Aitken, R. Alan,Al-Awadi, Nouria A.,Dawson, Graham,El-Dusouqi, Osman M.E.,Farrell, Dorcas M.M.,Kaul, Kamini,Kumar, Ajith
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p. 129 - 135
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis of novel azo dyes derived from 4-phenylurazole
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A novel and convenient method for the preparation of 4-(4-aminophenyl) urazole has been developed. Protic diazotization of amino group of this compound and subsequent coupling reaction with some electron rich aromatic compounds such as phenols, naphthols, and anilines lead to the formation of novel azo dyes with a phenylurazole linkage in moderate to high yields.
- Mallakpour, Shadpour E.,Nasr-Isfahani, Hossein
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p. 169 - 174
(2007/10/03)
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- Rapid construction of isatin derivatives via addition of bis(alkylthio)carbenes to aryl isocyanates
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Thermally induced cyclization between bis(alkylthio)carbenes, derived from the corresponding oxadiazolines, and substituted aryl isocyanates provides access to a variety of isatin derivatives with good efficiency.
- Rigby, James H.,Danca, M. Diana
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p. 6891 - 6894
(2007/10/03)
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- Arylcarbamate derivatives of 1-piperidineethanol as potent ligands for 5-HT4 receptors
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A series of carbamate derivatives (7) of 2-(1-piperidinyl)ethyl 4- amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoates, which have been described as potent agonists and antagonists of 5-HT4 receptors, were synthesized. They were evaluated using radioligand binding assays with [3H]GR 113808, a 5-HT4 receptor selective ligand, in the rat striatum and the electrically stimulated myenteric plexus longitudinal muscle of the guinea pig. In contrast to the previously described ester derivatives, a drop in the affinity for 5-HT4 receptors was observed and the compounds were inactive as agonists in the guinea pig ileum preparation. Unexpectedly, the ortho- substituted carbamates 8b,c (R' = H, RO = MeO or EtO, R'' = H) had nanomolar affinity for 5-HT4 receptors (K(i) = 8.9 ± 0.5 and 2.6 ± 0.4 nM, respectively). As reported previously, the cis- or trans-3,5-dimethyl substitution of piperidine (8n,o) was particularly favorable (K(i) = 1.1 ± 0.6 nM for both isomers). 8c is an antagonist equipotent to the 5-HT4 receptor antagonist SDZ 205-557 (1).
- Soulier, Jean-Louis,Yang, Donglai,Brémont, Béatrice,Croci, Tiziano,Guzzi, Umberto,Langlois, Michel
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p. 1755 - 1761
(2007/10/03)
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- Novel carbamates as potent histamine H3 receptor antagonists with high in vitro and oral in vivo activity
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The known histamine H3 receptor antagonists burimamide, thioperamide, clobenpropit, and a related homohistamine thioamide derivative were taken as templates in search for new leads. Novel histamine H3 receptor antagonists structurally described as carbamate derivatives of 3-(1H-imidazol-4- yl)propanol were prepared in high yields by treatment of the alcohol with corresponding isocyanates or carbamoyl chlorides and investigated for their H3 receptor antagonist activity. Different chain lengths and various substituents possessing different electronic and steric parameters were introduced and structure-activity relationships established. In different functional tests, the new antagonists showed high H3 receptor antagonist potencies in vitro (-log K(i) values of 6.4-8.4) at synaptosomes of rat cerebral cortex and low activities at histamine H1 and H2 receptor subtypes. They were also screened for their central in vivo activity in mice after peroral administration. The most promising compounds (2, 16, 19) showed ED50 values of about 1-2 mg/kg and thus are potential drugs for the therapy of H3 receptor dependent diseases. Some of the novel carbamate derivatives are H3 receptor selective compounds with high in vitro and in vivo activity.
- Stark, Holger,Purand, Katja,Ligneau, Xavier,Rouleau, Agnès,Arrang, Jean-Michel,Garbarg, Monique,Schwartz, Jean-Charles,Schunack, Walter
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p. 1157 - 1163
(2007/10/03)
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- Regio- and stereoselective synthesis of 1,3-hydroxyl amines via palladium-catalyzed carbonate-carbamate transformation with unique stereoselectivity: Synthesis of 3-amino-4-penten-1-ols
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The transformation of cyclic carbonates 1 to cyclic carbamates 4 is achieved in the presence of aryl or sulfonyl isocyanate by the catalysis of Pd(0) in high yield and with high structural flexibility. The reaction shows unique stereoselectivity: 3,4-disubstituted carbonates 2, irrespective of the composition of their stereoisomers, provide trans-5 exclusively or predominantly over cis-5. Mixtures of cis- and trans-3,5-disubstituted carbonates 3 furnish either cis-6 or trans-6 in high selectivity depending on the reaction conditions (kinetic or thermodynamic control, respectively). 1H NMR and X-ray structure analyses of 5 and 6 indicate that the stereochemical outcome is governed by an A1,2-strain between N-sulfonyl and C5-vinyl substituents.
- Bando,Harayama,Fukazawa,Shiro,Fugami,Tanaka,Tamaru
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p. 1465 - 1474
(2007/10/02)
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- Saponification agents. 2. Synthesis of arylisocyanates with ethyl lactate and their use in racemic bases saponification
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Reaction of the arylisocyanates 2a-c with ethyl (S)-(-)-lactate, followed by careful saponification, afforded the corresponding chiral acids (S)-(-)- 4a-c. The latter were successfully used for the resolution of various racemic bases belonging to both the ephedrine and α-aryl ethylamine series.
- Brown,Moudachirou
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p. 10309 - 10320
(2007/10/02)
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- Optically active alkyl 3-aryl-3-hydroxypropionates and a method for producing thereof
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The invention relates to optically active alkyl 3-aryl-3-hydroxypropionates represented by the general formula: STR1 wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are hydrogen, hydroxyl, alkoxy of 1-4 carbon atoms, benzyloxy, flurorine, chlorine or bromine and R6 is alkyl, and a method for producing the above compounds.
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- The Kinetics and Mechanism of Addition of Bulky Alcohols to Dimethyl Ketene and to p-Nitrophenyl Isocyanate in Iso-octane and Carbon Tetrachloride Solutions
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We report on the kinetics of addition of pentan-3-ol to p-nitrophenyl isocyanate and to dimethyl ketene in iso-octane, of t-butyl alcohol to the isocyanate in iso-octane, and of pentan-3-ol to the isocyanate in carbon tetrachloride.The extent of self-association of the alcohols in iso-octane has also been examined.For all the additions, our results are compatible with a mechanism that involves slow attack by both alcohol monomers and trimers, the latter being the more reactive.Conclusions from previous work with pentan-3-ol are not supported.
- Donohoe, Geraldine,Satchell, Derek P. N.,Satchell, Rosemary S.
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p. 1671 - 1674
(2007/10/02)
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- N- and O-Alkylations of Nitro-Substituted 1,3-Diphenylureas: Preparations of Propellant Stabilizer Derivatives
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A procedure has been developed for the N-ethylation and methylation of 1,3-diphenylureas, ArNRCONHAr' (R=H, Me or Et), through treatment with sodium hydride and iodoalkane in dimethylformamide.The reaction was general, provided that the aniline to be alkylated was substituted with no more than one nitro group.ArRNCONR'Ar' derivatives prepared were: R = R'= Et (and Me); Ar = phenyl, Ar' = 2-nitrophenyl and 4-nitrophenyl; Ar = 2-nitrophenyl, Ar' = 2-nitrophenyl and 4-nitrophenyl; Ar = Ar' = 4-nitrophenyl.Two mixed derivatives were also prepared: R = Et, R' = Me, Ar = phenyl, Ar' = 2-nitrophenyl and 4-nitrophenyl.O-Alkylated isourea products were obtained in the reactions of 1-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-3-(2-nitrophenyl)urea and 1-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)urea.The use of potassium carbonate as the base led to apparently exclusive O-alkylation of 1,3-bis(2-nitrophenyl)urea although the reaction was not general. 1-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)-1,3-diethyl-3-phenylurea was prepared by using silver oxide and obtained as a mixture with the isourea.Many of the compounds prepared are important nitro derivatives of the propellant stabilizers, ethyl and methyl centralite.
- Curtis, Neville J.
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p. 585 - 595
(2007/10/02)
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- Micellar Catalysis of Organic Reactions. 19. Basic Hydrolysis of Carbamates in the Presence of Hydroxy-Functionalized Micelles
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A number of hydroxy-functionalized micelles were prepared, and their effects on the basic hydrolysis of a number of carbamates are compared.For reactions proceeding by the E1cB mechanism, the intermediate p-nitrophenyl isocyanate was trapped by the hydrox
- Broxton, Trevor J.,Chung, Roland P.-T.
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p. 3112 - 3115
(2007/10/02)
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- THE FORMATION AND METABOLISM OF n-HYDROXYMETHYL COMPOUNDS. PART 6.1 THE SYNTHESIS OF S-AMIDOMETHYL-, S-UREIDOMETHYL-, AND S-(1,3,5-TRIAZIN-2-YLAMINOMETHYL)-GLUTATHIONE DERIVATIVES
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Treatment of N-hydroxymethyl and N-alkoxymethyl compounds with glutathione or N-acetylcysteine in trifluoroacetic acid affords the corresponding glutathione or N-acetylcysteine derivatives in high yield.Alkoxymethylureas are formed by the condensation of ureas with formaldehyde and alcohols under basic conditions; the implications of this observation are discussed with reference to possible biochemical mechanisms.
- Addison, Sally J.,Cunningham, Bernadette D. M.,Gate, E. Nicholas,Shah, Prakash Z.,Threadgill, Michael D.
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