- Palladium-catalysed Heck alkynylation of aryl bromides in an imidazolium ionic liquid: An unexpected subsequent alkyne hydrogenation reaction
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The copper-free palladium-catalysed alkynylation of aryl bromides with phenylacetylene in the imidazolium ionic liquid [BMIM][BF4], in the presence of triphenylphosphine ligand and pyrrolidine as a base, was found effective and significantly more chemoselective employing deactivated substrates. When activated aryl substrates were used, unexpected side reactions were observed, especially the subsequent hydrogenation of the alkyne function in some coupling products. In other cases, amine arylation reactions occurred, as illustrated by the formation of pyrrolidinyl-4-nitrobenzene, for which an X-ray diffraction structure is reported. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
- Hierso, Jean-Cyrille,Picquet, Michel,Cattey, Hélène,Meunier, Philippe
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- Cp*Co(iii) and Cu(OAc)2bimetallic catalysis for Buchwald-type C-N cross coupling of aryl chlorides and amines under base, inert gas & solvent-free conditions
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A strategy involving bimetallic catalysis with a combination of Cp?Co(CO)I2 and Cu(OAc)2 was used for performing Buchwald-type C-N coupling reactions of aryl chlorides with amines. The reactions proceeded at 100 °C to produce excellent yields of many of the desired C-N coupled products, in 4 h, under aerobic reaction conditions. The reactions were shown to run under base-free and solvent-free conditions, enabling this strategy to work efficiently for electron-withdrawing and base-sensitive functionalities. The presented methodology was found to be equally efficient for electron-donating functionalities as well as for primary (1°) and secondary (2°) aromatic and aliphatic amines. Moreover, the products were easily separated through the extractions of the organic aqueous layer, with this process chromatographic separations is not required.
- Srivastava, Avinash K.,Sharma, Charu,Joshi, Raj K.
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- Room-Temperature Practical Copper-Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Iodides
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An efficient and highly practical procedure is reported for the Ullmann-Goldberg-type copper-catalyzed amination of aryl iodides. By using a combination of copper iodide and proline in the presence of an excess of an amine, a wide range of aryl iodides can be readily aminated at room temperature. The reaction proceeds well regardless of the electronic properties of the starting aryl iodide and the amination products can be obtained without the need for purification by column chromatography in most cases. Owing to its efficiency and the mildness of the reaction conditions, this amination could also be extended to the amination of complex aryl iodides at room temperature.
- Deldaele, Christopher,Evano, Gwilherm
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- Magnetic silica supported copper: A modular approach to aqueous Ullmann-type amination of aryl halides
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One-pot synthesis of a magnetic silica supported copper catalyst has been described via in situ generated magnetic silica (Fe3O 4@SiO2); the catalyst can be used for the efficacious amination of aryl halides in aqueous medium under microwave irradiation.
- Nasir Baig,Varma, Rajender S.
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- A palladium nanoparticle-catalyzed aryl-amine coupling reaction: High performance of aryl and pyridyl chlorides as the coupling partner
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Carbon nitride (CN)-supported nanosized palladium particles, Pd-CN, have been found to be an active catalyst system for the amination of aryl and pyridyl chloride moieties in the presence of dialkyl amine under mild reaction conditions. The recyclability study of the reaction shows the stable performance of the catalyst without a significant loss of catalytic activity for a couple of cycles.
- Nandi, Debkumar,Islam, Rafique Ul,Devi, Nishu,Siwal, Samarjeet,Mallick, Kaushik
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- Microwave-assisted convenient synthesis of N-arylpyrrolidines in water
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An efficient and clean synthesis of N-arylpyrrolidines from arylamines and 1,4-dimesyloxybutane was developed using microwave irradiation in an aqueous potassium carbonate medium without any catalyst. The procedure is rapid, simple and convenient.
- Li, Hong Bo,Liang, Wu,Liu, Lang,Chen, Kai,Wu, Yi
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- Cadmium(II)-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling of amines with aryl iodides
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Cadmium diacetate dihydrate [Cd(OAc)2·2H2O] in combination with ethylene glycol catalyzes efficiently the C-N cross-coupling of amines with aryl iodides by a benzyne mechanism. Alkyl, aryl and heterocyclic amines are compatible with this system affording the aminated products in high to excellent yield.
- Rout, Laxmidhar,Saha, Prasenjit,Jammi, Suribabu,Punniyamurthy, Tharmalingam
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- Growth and characterization of a new organic single crystal: 1-(4-Nitrophenyl) pyrrolidine (4NPY)
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A new 1-(4-Nitrophenyl) pyrrolidine single crystal has grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique. The grown crystal have characterized by single crystal X-ray analysis, and it shows that 1-(4-Nitrophenyl) pyrrolidine crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbca, with cell parameters a = 10.3270 (5) A?, b = 9.9458 (6) A?, c = 18.6934 (12) A?, and Z = 8. Powder XRD pattern confirmed that grown crystal posses highly crystalline nature. The functional groups have identified by using FTIR spectral analysis. The absorbance and the luminescence spectra of the title compound have analyzed using UV-Visible and PL spectra. The thermo analytical properties of the crystal have studied using TG/DTA spectrum. The mechanical property of the grown crystal has determined using Vickers micro hardness measurement. The grown features of the crystal have analyzed using etching technique.
- Nirosha,Kalainathan,Aravindan
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- Buchwald-Hartwig amination reaction using supported palladium on phosphine-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles
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The supported palladium on phosphine-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (Pd-PFMN) was found to be an efficient magnetically separable catalyst for the Buchwald-Hartwig amination reaction (BHAR) under solvent-free conditions. All of the reactions in the presence of Pd-PFMN catalyst afforded the corresponding products in good to excellent yields. The catalyst can be easily separated from the reaction mixture using an external magnetic field, and it can be reused at least five cycles without significant loss in its initial catalytic activity.
- Zarnaghash, Narges,Panahi, Farhad,Khalafi-Nezhad, Ali
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- Integrating CuO?Fe2O3 Nanocomposites and Supramolecular Assemblies of Phenazine for Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis
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A photoredox catalytic ensemble consisting of CuO-Fe2O3 nanocomposites and oligomeric derivative of phenazine has been developed. The prepared system acts as an efficient photoredox catalyst for C?N bond formation reaction via SET mechanism under ‘green’ conditions (aerial environment, mixed aqueous media, recyclable), requiring less equivalents of base and amine substrate. The present study demonstrates the significant role of supramolecular assemblies as photooxidants and reductants upon irradiation and their important contribution towards the activation of the metallic centre through energy transfer and electron transfer pathways. The potential of oligomer 4: CuO-Fe2O3 has also been explored for C?C bond formation reactions via the Sonogashira protocol.
- Kaur, Lovjot,Deol, Harnimarta,Kumar, Manoj,Bhalla, Vandana
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- Cu(I)-mediated deoxygenation of N-oxides to amines
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A mild and highly efficient deoxygenation of variety of N-oxides using an inexpensive CuX, or a CuX-Zn or CuX-Al couple is described.
- Singh, Sunil Kumar,Srinivasa Reddy,Mangle, Mangesh,Ravi Ganesh
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- Optical fiber-based on-line UV/Vis spectroscopic monitoring of chemical reaction kinetics under high pressure in a capillary microreactor
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With a miniaturized (3 μL volume) fiber-optics based system for on-line measurement by UV/Vis spectroscopy, the reaction rate constants (at different pressures) and the activation volumes (ΔV≠) were determinined for a nucleophilic aromatic substitution and an aza Diels-Alder reaction in a capillary microreactor. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2005.
- Benito-Lopez, Fernando,Verboom, Willem,Kakuta, Masaya,Gardeniers,Egberink, Richard J. M.,Oosterbroek, Edwin R.,Van Den Berg, Albert,Reinhoudt, David N.
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- ANIONIC ?-ADDUCTS OF 1-METHYL-3,5-DINITRO-2-PYRIDONE
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Alkylammonium salts of anionic ?-adducts of 1-methyl-3,5-dinitro-2-pyridone with amine- and carbon-nucleophiles were isolated and characterized.All the nucleophiles are attached to C-6 of the pyridone nucleus.The carbon-adducts are more stable than the am
- Tohda, Yasuo,Ariga, Masahiro,Kawashima, Toshihide,Matsumura, Eizo
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- Carbon-coated magnetic palladium: Applications in partial oxidation of alcohols and coupling reactions
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A carbon-coated magnetic Pd catalyst has been synthesized via in situ generation of nanoferrites and incorporation of carbon from renewable cellulose via calcination; the catalyst can be used for oxidation of alcohols, amination reaction and arylation of aryl halides (cross-coupling reaction). the Partner Organisations 2014.
- Baig, R.B. Nasir,Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.,Varma, Rajender S.
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel osthole-based derivatives as potential neuroprotective agents
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A total of 26 compounds based on osthole skeleton were designed, synthesized. Their cytoprotective abilities of antioxidation, anti-inflammation and Aβ42(Amyloid β-protein 42)-induced neurotoxicity were evaluated by MTT assays. Mechanism of the action of selected compounds were investigated by molecular docking. AlogP, logS and blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability of all these compounds were simulated by admetSAR. Most of the compounds showed better antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities compared with osthole, especially OST7 and OST17. The compound OST7 showed relative high activity in neuroprotection against H2O2 (45.7 ± 5.5%), oxygen glucose deprivation (64.6 ± 4.8%) and Aβ42 (61.4 ± 5.2%) at a low concentration of 10 μM. EC50 of selected compounds were measured in both H2O2 and OGD induced cytotoxicity models. Moreover, NO inhibiting ability of OST17(50.4 ± 7.1%) already surpassed the positive drug indomethacin. The structure activity relationship study indicated that introduction of piperazine group, tetrahydropyrrole group and aromatic amine group might be beneficial for enhancement of osthole neuroprotective properties. Molecular docking explained that the reason OST7 exhibited relatively stronger neuroprotection against Aβ because of the greater area of interactions between molecule and target protein. OST7 and OST17 both provided novel methods to investigate osthole as anti-AD drugs.
- Zhang, Li,Wu, Yuhang,Yang, Guixiang,Gan, Haixian,Sang, Dayong,Zhou, Jiye,Su, Lin,Wang, Rui,Ma, Lei
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- Cobalt-catalyzed C-N bond-forming reaction between chloronitrobenzenes and secondary amines
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Cyclic secondary amines react with mono- or dichloronitrobenzene in the presence of a catalytic amount of cobalt(II) chloride. Phosphane ligands are beneficial for the reaction, although the bite-angle effect was not strong. The nitro-substituted tertiary amines formed are important as bioactive compounds and can also be intermediates for the synthesis of substituted anilines. This work represents the first cobalt-catalyzed approach to C-N bond-forming reactions involving aromatic chlorides and cyclic secondary amines. The reaction is ortho- and para-selective, with meta-substituted halides being unreactive in this procedure. The first cobalt-catalyzed C-N bond-forming reaction involving aromatic chlorides and cyclic secondary amines is described.The reaction is ortho- and para-selective; meta-substituted halides are unreactive. Copyright
- Toma, Gabriel,Yamaguchi, Ryohei
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- Activation of 1-methyl-5-nitro-2-pyrimidinone by dearomatization using a secondary amine
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Electron-deficient 1-methyl-5-nitro-2-pyrimidinone is easily attacked by methanol or pyrrolidine to afford the corresponding adducts, respectively, by which aromaticity of nitropyrimidinone is lost. Indeed, the amine-adduct exhibited higher reactivity than that of original structure to facilitate the reaction with 1,3-dicarbonyl compound leading to diazabicyclic compound at room temperature. The amine-adduct also underwent the ring opening reaction to furnish nitroenamines with (Z)-configuration.
- Asahara, Haruyasu,Yasuoka, Azusa,Nishiwaki, Nagatoshi
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- Optimization of WZ4003 as NUAK inhibitors against human colorectal cancer
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NUAK, the member of AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) family of protein kinases, is phosphorylated and activated by the LKB1 (liver kinase B1) tumor suppressor protein kinase. Recent work has indicated that NUAK1 is a key component of the antioxidant stress response pathway, and the inhibition of NUAK1 will suppress the growth and survival of colorectal tumors. As a promising target for anticancer drugs, few inhibitors of NUAK were developed. With this goal in mind, based on NUAK inhibitor WZ4003, a series of derivatives has been synthesized and evaluated for anticancer activity. Compound 9q, a derivative of WZ4003 by removing a methoxy group, was found to be the most potential one with stronger inhibitory against NUAK1/2 enzyme activity, tumor cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis of tumor cells. By in vivo efficacy evaluations of colorectal SW480 xenografts, 9q suppresses tumor growth more effectively with an excellent safety profile in vivo and is therefore seen as a suitable candidate for further investigation.
- Yang, Huali,Wang, Xiaobing,Wang, Cheng,Yin, Fucheng,Qu, Lailiang,Shi, Cunjian,Zhao, Jinhua,Li, Shang,Ji, Limei,Peng, Wan,Luo, Heng,Cheng, Maosheng,Kong, Lingyi
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- Ligand compound for copper catalyzed aryl halide coupling reaction, catalytic system and coupling reaction
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The invention provides a ligand compound capable of being used for copper catalyzed aryl halide coupling reaction, the ligand compound is a three-class compound containing a 2-(substituted or non-substituted) aminopyridine nitrogen-oxygen group, and the invention also provides a catalytic system for the aryl halide coupling reaction. Thecatalytic system comprises a copper catalyst, a compound containing a 2-(substituted or non-substituted) aminopyridine nitrogen-oxygen group adopted as a ligand, alkali and a solvent, and meanwhile, the invention also provides a system for the aryl halide coupling reaction adopting the catalyst system. The compound containing the 2-(substituted or non-substituted) aminopyridine nitrogen oxygen group can be used as the ligand for the copper catalyzed aryl chloride coupling reaction, and the ligand is stable under a strong alkaline condition and can well maintain catalytic activity when being used for the copper-catalyzed aryl chloride coupling reaction. In addition, the copper catalyst adopting the compound as the ligand can particularly effectively promote coupling of copper catalyzed aryl chloride and various nucleophilic reagents which are difficult to generate under conventional conditions, C-N, C-O and C-S bonds are generated, and numerous useful small molecule compounds are synthesized. Therefore, the aryl halide coupling reaction has a very good large-scale application prospect by adopting the copper catalysis system of the ligand.
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Paragraph 0086-0091; 0094
(2021/05/29)
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- CuI/2-Aminopyridine 1-Oxide Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Chlorides with Aliphatic Amines
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A class of 2-aminopyridine 1-oxides are discovered to be effective ligands for the Cu-catalyzed amination of less reactive (hetero)aryl chlorides. A wide range of functionalized (hetero)aryl chlorides reacted with various aliphatic amines to afford the desired products in good to excellent yields under the catalyst of CuI/2-aminopyridine 1-oxides. Furthermore, the catalyst system worked well for the coupling of cyclic secondary amines and N-methyl benzylamine with (hetero)aryl chlorides.
- Chen, Xiahong,He, Yongqiang,Liang, Yun,Liu, Wenjie,Wang, Deping,Xia, Xiaohong,Xu, Jiamin,Xu, Zhifeng,Zhang, Fuxing,Zhang, Xin
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supporting information
p. 7486 - 7490
(2020/10/12)
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- Half-sandwich (η5-Cp?)Rh(iii) complexes of pyrazolated organo-sulfur/selenium/tellurium ligands: Efficient catalysts for base/solvent free C-N coupling of chloroarenes under aerobic conditions
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Three new pyrazolated chalcogenoether ligated Rh(iii) half-sandwich complexes (1-3) were synthesised by the thermal reaction of chalcogenoether (S, Se and Te) substituted 1H-pyrazole ligands (L1-L3) and [(η5-C5Me5)RhCl]2 in methanol. The complexes were fully characterised by various spectroscopic techniques, and the molecular structures of complexes 1 and2 were also established through single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis, which indicates a pseudo-octahedral half-sandwich piano-stool geometry around the rhodium metal. All three complexes were found to be thermally stable and insensitive towards air and moisture. One mol% of Rh(iii) complexes (1-3) along with 10 mol% of Cu(OAc)2 were explored for the Buchwald-Hartwig type C-N coupling reactions of amine and aryl chloride. Good to excellent yields (89-92%) of the coupling products were obtained with seleno- and thio-ether functionalised pyrazolated Rh(iii) complexes (1 and 2), while an average yield (39%) was obtained with the telluro-ether functionalised complex (3). In contrast to the previously reported C-N coupling reactions the present reaction works under solvent- and base-free conditions, and the coupling reaction is accomplished in just 6 h with a high yield of the coupling product. The present methodology was also found to be efficient for a wide variety of functionalised aryl halides, and aliphatic or aromatic amines (1° and 2°). Moreover, the reaction also enables the C-N coupling of electron-withdrawing substrates and base-sensitive functionalities.
- Joshi, Raj Kumar,Sharma, Charu,Sharma, Kamal Nayan,Srivastava, Avinash Kumar
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supporting information
p. 3599 - 3606
(2020/06/10)
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- Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of Arylsulfonamides as AIMP2-DX2 Inhibitors for the Development of a Novel Anticancer Therapy
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AIMP2-DX2, a splicing variant of AIMP2, is up-regulated in lung cancer, possesses oncogenic activity, and results in tumorigenesis. Specifically inhibiting the interaction between AIMP2-DX2 and HSP70 to suppress AIMP2-DX2-dependent cancers with small molecules is considered a promising avenue for cancer therapeutics. Optimization of hit BC-DXI-04 (IC50 = 40.1 μM) provided new potent sulfonamide based AIMP2-DX2 inhibitors. Among these, BC-DXI-843 showed improved inhibition against AIMP2-DX2 (IC50 = 0.92 μM) with more than 100-fold selectivity over AIMP2 in a luciferase assay. Several binding assays indicated that this compound effectively induces cancer cell apoptosis by specifically interrupting the interaction between DX2 and HSP70, which leads to the degradation of DX2 via Siah1-mediated ubiquitination. More importantly, BC-DXI-843 demonstrated in vivo efficacy in a tumor xenograft mouse model (H460 cells) at a dosage of 50 mg/kg, suggesting it as a promising lead for development of novel therapeutics targeting AIMP2-DX2 in lung cancer.
- Sivaraman, Aneesh,Kim, Dae Gyu,Bhattarai, Deepak,Kim, Minkyoung,Lee, Hwa Young,Lim, Semi,Kong, Jiwon,Goo, Ja-Il,Shim, Seunghwan,Lee, Seungbeom,Suh, Young-Ger,Choi, Yongseok,Kim, Sunghoon,Lee, Kyeong
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p. 5139 - 5158
(2020/05/05)
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- Phenazine-Based Donor Acceptor Systems as Organic Photocatalysts for "metal-free" C-N/C-C Cross-Coupling
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With an aim to achieve a balance between ground-state and excited-state reduction potential of donor acceptor systems for efficient C-N/C-C cross-coupling, a series of donor acceptor systems DA1-DA4 have been synthesized by varying the donor strength and connecting positions. With an increase in donor strength, systematic elevation in the ground-state reduction potential and decrease in the HOMO-LUMO gap was observed. Interestingly, all the derivatives DA1-DA4 could catalyze the C-N bond formation reaction between activated aryl halides and amines at low catalytic loading under metal-free conditions without the need of any external base upon irradiation with white LED. A balance was realized in the case of derivative DA2, which exhibits high efficiency in C-N couplings. Different control experiments support the validity of the energy as well as electron transfer pathways in the visible light-mediated C-N bond formation. This study further reveals the potential of derivative DA1 in "metal-free"Sonogashira coupling involving activated aryl halides which is attributed to its high excited-state reduction potential.
- Deol, Harnimarta,Singh, Gurpreet,Kumar, Manoj,Bhalla, Vandana
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p. 11080 - 11093
(2020/10/12)
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- Nickel-Catalyzed Amination of (Hetero)aryl Halides Facilitated by a Catalytic Pyridinium Additive
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An efficient and operationally simple Ni-catalyzed amination protocol has been developed. This methodology features a simple NiII salt, an organic base and catalytic amounts of both a pyridinium additive and Zn metal. A diverse number of (hetero)aryl halides were coupled successfully with primary and secondary alkyl amines, and anilines in good to excellent yields. Similarly, benzophenone imine gave the corresponding N-arylation product in an excellent yield.
- Han, Dongyang,Li, Sasa,Xia, Siqi,Su, Mincong,Jin, Jian
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supporting information
p. 12349 - 12354
(2020/09/09)
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- Practical direct synthesis of: N -aryl-substituted azacycles from N -alkyl protected arylamines using TiCl4and DBU
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A novel transformation of N-alkyl protected arylamines and cyclic ethers into N-aryl substituted azacycles is described. Alkyl groups have been used for the protection of amines in organic syntheses. In this synthesis, N-alkyl protected arylamines were reacted with cyclic ethers in the presence of TiCl4 and DBU, crucial reagents affording five- and six-membered azacycles. In particular, utilization of the novel TiCl4/DBU-mediated reaction allows various N-alkyl protected arylamines such as N-methyl-, N-ethyl-, N-isopropyl, and N-tert-butyl arylamines to be readily converted into N-aryl substituted azacycles in high yields. This practical approach using various N-alkyl arylamines leads to the efficient preparation of azacycles.
- Kang, Soosung,Kim, Hee-Kwon,La, Minh Thanh,Tran, Van Hieu
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p. 5008 - 5016
(2020/07/30)
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- Amination of Aromatic Halides and Exploration of the Reactivity Sequence of Aromatic Halides
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A base-promoted amination of aromatic halides has been developed using a limited amount of dimethylformamide (DMF) or amine as an amino source. Various aryl halides, including F, Cl, Br, and I, have been successfully aminated in good to excellent yields. Although the amination of aromatic halides with amines or DMF is usually considered as an aromatic nucleophilic substitution (SNAr) process, and the reactivity of an aromatic halide is F > Cl > Br > I, the reactivity of aromatic halides in this system was found to be I > Br a‰ F > Cl. This protocol also showed a good regioselectivity for multihalogenated aromatics. This protocol is valuable for industrial application due to the simplicity of operation, the unrestricted availability of amino sources and aromatic halides, transition metal-free conditions, no requirement for solvent, and scalability.
- Yang, Chu,Zhang, Feng,Deng, Guo-Jun,Gong, Hang
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p. 181 - 190
(2019/01/10)
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- HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS AND USES THEREOF
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Heterocyclic compounds as Wee1 inhibitors are provided. The compounds may find use as therapeutic agents for the treatment of diseases and may find particular use in oncology.
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Paragraph 0604-0606
(2019/04/25)
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 7-amino-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-f]pteridinone, and 7-aminotetrazolo[1,5-f]pteridinone derivative as potent antitumor agents
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To develop novel therapeutic agents with anticancer activities, two series of novel 7-amino-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-f]pteridinone, and 7-aminotetrazolo[1,5-f]pteridinone derivatives were designed and synthesized. All compounds were tested for anti-proliferative activities against five cancer cell lines. The structure-activity relationships (SARs) studies were conducted through the variation in two regions, the moiety of A ring and the terminal aniline B on pteridinone core. 1-Methyl-1,2,4-triazole derivative L7 with 2,6-dimethylpiperazine showed the most potent antiproliferative activity against A549, PC-3, HCT116, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines with IC50 values of 0.16 μM, 0.30 μM, 0.51 μM, 0.30 μM, and 0.70 μM, respectively. Combined with the results of the molecular docking and enzymatic studies, the PLK1 was very likely to be one of the drug targets of compound L7. Furthermore, to clarify the anticancer mechanism of compound L7, further explorations in the bioactivity were conducted. The results showed that compound L7 obviously inhibited proliferation of A549 cell lines, induced a great decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential leading to apoptosis of cancer cells, suppressed the migration of tumor cells, and arrested G1 phase of A549 cells.
- Hou, Yunlei,Zhu, Liangyu,Li, Zhiwei,Shen, Qi,Xu, Qiaoling,Li, Wei,Liu, Yajing,Gong, Ping
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p. 690 - 709
(2019/01/04)
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 2,4-diaminopyrimidine derivatives as potent antitumor agents
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For developing novel therapeutic agents with anticancer activities, two series of novel 2,4-diaminopyrimidine derivatives possessing triazolopiperazine or 1,4,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-one scaffolds were designed and synthesized. Preliminary investigations showed that some compounds exhibited moderate to excellent potency against four tested cancer cell lines as compared with palbociclib and momelotinib. In particular, the most promising compounds 9k and 13f showed the most potent antitumor activities with IC50 values of 2.14/1.98 μM, 3.59/2.78 μM, 5.52/4.27 μM, and 3.69/4.01 μM against A549, HCT-116, PC-3 and MCF-7 cell lines, respectively. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies were conducted based on the variation of the moiety of the aromatic ring and the terminal aniline on the pyrimidine core. Furthermore, the mechanism of their anticancer activity was clarified by further exploring the bioactivity. The results showed that compound 9k obviously inhibited the proliferation of A549 cell lines, induced a great decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential leading to apoptosis of cancer cells, suppressed the migration of tumor cells and prolonged the A549 cell cycle distribution, representing blockage at the G2-M phase and accumulation at the S phase.
- Hu, Gang,Wang, Chu,Xin, Xin,Li, Shuaikang,Li, Zefei,Zhao, Yanfang,Gong, Ping
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p. 10190 - 10202
(2019/07/03)
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- Methyl-α-d-glucopyranoside as Green Ligand for Selective Copper-Catalyzed N-Arylation
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In the selective N-arylation of amines or azoles with aryl halidesa-, methyl-α-d-glucopyranoside (MG) was found to function as a green ligand of copper powder. In addition, nitrogen heterocyclic amine compounds can also undergo the N-arylation coupling with heterocyclic aryl chlorides. This process allows access to a variety of aromatic amines and aryl azoles under mild reaction conditions, has good tolerance, and proceeds in moderate to high yield.
- Chen, Fengyang,Chen, Guoliang,Chen, Yuanguang,Du, Fangyu,Zhou, Qifan
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p. 4590 - 4600
(2019/12/11)
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- Copper(ii)-catalyzed c-n coupling of aryl halides and n-nucleophiles promoted by quebrachitol or diethylene glycol
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Herein, we report the natural ligand quebrachitol (QCT) as a promoter for a Cu(II) catalyst, which is highly effective for N-Arylation of various amines and related aryl halides. A series of diarylamine derivatives were obtained in high yields by using diethylene glycol (DEG) as both ligand and solvent. The C-N coupling reactions proceed under mild conditions and exhibit good functional group tolerance.
- Chen, Guoliang,Chen, Yuanguang,Du, Fangyu,Fu, Yang,Wu, Ying,Zhou, Qifan
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supporting information
p. 2161 - 2168
(2019/11/25)
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- Practical heterogeneous photoredox/nickel dual catalysis for C-N and C-O coupling reactions
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Efficient C-N and C-O coupling reactions of aryl halides with amines and alcohols have been developed by using the strategy of heterogeneous visible light photoredox and nickel dual catalysis. Obviously, the joint use of inexpensive and bench-stable CdS and nickel salts, together with mild reaction conditions, makes these two transformations attractive for the synthetic community. This heterogeneous dual catalysis system also proved to be successful in the ligand-free catalytic hydroxylation of aryl bromide with water as a nucleophile. The practicality of this protocol is further emphasized by the scaled-up reaction and the reusability of heterogeneous photocatalysts.
- Liu, Yi-Yin,Liang, Dong,Lu, Liang-Qiu,Xiao, Wen-Jing
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supporting information
p. 4853 - 4856
(2019/05/02)
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- Utilization of Cyclic Amides as Masked Aldehyde Equivalents in Reductive Amination Reactions
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An operationally simple protocol has been discovered that couples primary or secondary amines with N-aryl-substituted lactams to deliver differentiated diamines in moderate to high yields. The process allows for the partial reduction of a lactam in the presence of Cp2ZrHCl (Schwartz's reagent), followed by a reductive amination between the resulting hemiaminal and primary or secondary amine. These reactions can be telescoped in a one-pot fashion to significantly simplify the operation. The scope of amines and substituted lactams of various ring sizes was demonstrated through the formation of a range of differentiated diamine products. Furthermore, this methodology was expanded to include N-aryl pyrrolidinone substrates with an enantiopure ester group at the 5-position, and α-amino piperidinones were prepared with complete retention of stereochemical information. The development of this chemistry has enabled the consideration of lactams as useful synthons.
- Prince, Robin J.,Gao, Fang,Pazienza, Jessica E.,Marx, Isaac E.,Schulz, Jurgen,Hopkins, Brian T.
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p. 7936 - 7949
(2019/06/27)
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- Metal-Free Synthesis of N-Aryl-Substituted Azacycles from Cyclic Ethers Using POCl3
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A facile method for the synthesis of N-aryl-substituted azacycles from arylamines and cyclic ethers has been developed. In this study, arylamines were treated with cyclic ethers in the presence of POCl3 and DBU to provide five- A nd six-membered azacycles. Using this method, various azacycloalkanes, isoindolines, and tetrahydroisoquinolines were prepared in high yields. This synthetic method offers an efficient approach to the production of azacycles from cyclic ethers.
- La, Minh Thanh,Kang, Soosung,Kim, Hee-Kwon
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p. 6689 - 6696
(2019/06/14)
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- Ultrafine hybrid Cu2O-Fe2O3 nanoparticles stabilized by hexaphenylbenzene-based supramolecular assemblies: A photocatalytic system for the Ullmann-Goldberg coupling reaction
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Ultrafine hybrid Cu2O-Fe2O3 NPs have been prepared using the supramolecular assemblies of hexaphenylbenzene (HPB) derivative 3 as nanoreactors and stabilizers. The as-prepared hybrid Cu2O-Fe2O3 NPs serve as an efficient and recyclable photocatalytic system for carrying out C-N coupling between aryl halides and various amines (aliphatic, aromatic and N-heterocyclic) at room temperature in mixed aqueous media under visible light irradiation. Amazingly, Cu2O-Fe2O3 NPs also exhibited high efficiency in the reactions involving the synthesis of biologically important N-substituted carbazole derivatives. The work being presented in this article demonstrates the preparation of a 'dip strip' coated with the as-prepared catalytic system and utilization of this paper strip as a recyclable and portable heterocatalytic system for carrying out the Ullmann-Goldberg coupling.
- Singh, Gurpreet,Kumar, Manoj,Bhalla, Vandana
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p. 5346 - 5357
(2018/12/05)
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- Regiospecific N-Arylation of Aliphatic Amines under Mild and Metal-Free Reaction Conditions
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A transition metal-free N-arylation of primary and secondary amines with diaryliodonium salts is presented. Both acyclic and cyclic amines are well tolerated, providing a large set of N-alkyl anilines. The methodology is unprecedented among metal-free methods in terms of amine scope, the ability to transfer both electron-withdrawing and electron-donating aryl groups, and efficient use of resources, as excess substrate or reagents are not required.
- Purkait, Nibadita,Kervefors, Gabriella,Linde, Erika,Olofsson, Berit
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supporting information
p. 11427 - 11431
(2018/08/28)
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- Room-temperature Cu-catalyzed: N -arylation of aliphatic amines in neat water
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A room-temperature and PTC-free copper-catalyzed N-arylation of aliphatic amines in neat water has been developed. Using a combination of CuI and 6,7-dihydroquinolin-8(5H)-one oxime as the catalyst and KOH as the base, a wide range of aliphatic amines are arylated with various aryl and heteroaryl halides to give the corresponding products in up to 95% yield.
- Wang, Deping,Zheng, Yanwen,Yang, Min,Zhang, Fuxing,Mao, Fangfang,Yu, Jiangxi,Xia, Xiaohong
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supporting information
p. 8009 - 8012
(2017/10/10)
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- Diamine monomer with triphenylamine structure containing p-substituted cyclic amine, preparation method and application of diamine monomer
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The invention provides a diamine monomer with a triphenylamine structure containing p-substituted cyclic amine, a preparation method and application of the diamine monomer in preparing polyamide, and belongs to the technical field of organic compound preparation. The synthetic method comprises the following four steps: performing a nucleophilic substitution reaction on a cyclic amine compound and p-fluoronitrobenzene under the action of potassium carbonate to obtain a mononitrate compound containing a cyclic amine structure; then, taking Pd/C as a catalyst and hydrazine hydrate as a reducing agent to obtain a monoamino compound containing a cyclic amine structure; then, performing a nucleophilic substitution reaction on the monoamino compound and p-fluoronitrobenzene under the action of cesium fluoride to obtain a dinitro monomer with a triphenylamine structure containing p-substituted cyclic amine; finally, taking Pd/C as a catalyst and hydrazine hydrate as a reducing agent to obtain the diamine monomer with the triphenylamine structure containing p-substituted cyclic amine. The diamine monomer can react with various diacid to prepare the polyamide with the electrochromic performance.
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Paragraph 0047; 0048
(2016/10/09)
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- Natural polynite promote nitrogen heterocyclic compound N-arylation of the method
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The invention discloses a method of promoting N-arylation of nitrogen heterocyclic compounds by natural montmorillonite. The natural montmorillonite is adopted as a promoter and cuprous iodide or copper acetate is adopted as a catalyst, and under alkaline
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Paragraph 0011; 0017; 0019
(2016/10/31)
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- Design and synthesis of new [1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine derivatives as potential antiproliferative agents
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A new series possessing [1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine scaffold was synthesized and biologically evaluated for potential antiproliferative activity. Fourteen compounds were selected for in vitro anticancer assay over a panel of 60 cell lines at National Cancer Institute (NCI), USA. The most sensitive cell lines to the synthesized compounds were leukemia (K-562 and SR), nonsmall cell lung cancer HOP-92, and melanoma MDA-MB- 435. Compounds 12 and 24 exerted broad spectrum activity against most cell panel, while compounds 14, 21, and 23 exhibited effectiveness toward specific cell lines belong to different tumor subpanels. Accordingly, SAR, COMPARE analyses, and in silico ADME profiling were discussed for the target compounds. In addition, compounds 11 and 22 exerted good FGFR3 inhibitory activity with 58.8 and 46.7% at 100 μM, respectively. Taken as a whole, the present study revealed that the new series can be considered as promising lead for further development of more potent anticancer agents as well as FGFR3 kinase potential inhibitors.
- Elkamhawy, Ahmed,Al-Sanea, Mohammad M.,Song, Chiman,Sim, Taebo,Roh, Eun Joo
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p. 1863 - 1873
(2015/07/15)
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- WNT PATHWAY MODULATORS
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The present invention relates to dihydropyrazolo[l,5-a]pyrimidine compounds of formula I, defined herein, as WNT pathways modulators, processes for making them, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them. Methods of treatment of conditions mediated by WNT pathway signalling including cancer, fibrosis, stem cell and diabetic retinopathy, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and myocardial infarction, comprising the compounds of formula I are also provided.
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Paragraph 0242 - 0244
(2015/07/07)
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- The copper-nicotinamide complex: Sustainable applications in coupling and cycloaddition reactions
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The crystalline copper(ii)-nicotinamide complex, synthesized via simple mixing of copper chloride and nicotinamide solution at room temperature, catalyzes the C-S, C-N bond forming and cycloaddition reactions under a variety of sustainable reaction conditions.
- Baig, R.B. Nasir,Vaddula, Buchi Reddy,Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.,Varma, Rajender S.
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supporting information
p. 1243 - 1248
(2015/03/04)
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- N-(1-Oxy-2-picolyl)oxalamic Acid as an Efficient Ligand for Copper-Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Iodides at Room Temperature
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N-(1-Oxy-pyridin-2-ylmethyl)oxalamic acid was identified as efficient ligand for CuI-catalyzed amination of aryl halides at room temperature. In our catalytic system, N-arylation of cyclic secondary amines, primary amines, amino acids, and ammonia proceeded with moderate to excellent yields and high functional group tolerance.
- Wang, Yongbin,Ling, Jing,Zhang, Yu,Zhang, Ao,Yao, Qizheng
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p. 4153 - 4161
(2015/07/01)
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- Structure-activity relationship study of E6 as a novel necroptosis inducer
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Necroptosis inducers represent a promising potential treatment for drug-resistant cancer. We herein describe the structure modification of E6, which was identified recently as a potent and selective necroptosis inducer. The studies described herein demonstrate for the first time that functionalized biphenyl derivatives possess necroptosis inducer activity. Furthermore, these studies have led to the identification of two promising compounds (5h and 5j) that can be used for further optimization studies as well as mechanism of action investigations.
- Mou, Jianfeng,Park, Ann,Cai, Yu,Yuan, Junying,Yuan, Chengye
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supporting information
p. 3057 - 3061
(2015/06/22)
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- Design, synthesis, 3D pharmacophore, QSAR, and docking studies of carboxylic acid derivatives as Histone Deacetylase inhibitors and cytotoxic agents
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In this study, five series of (E)-6-(4-substituted phenyl)-4-oxohex-5-enoic acids IIb-f (E), (E)-3-(4-(substituted)-phenyl)acrylic acids IIIa-g (E), 4-(4-(substituted)phenylamino)-4-oxobutanoic acids VIa,b,e, 5-(4-(substituted)phenylamino)-5-oxopentanoic acids VIIa,f and 2-[(4-(substituted)phenyl) carbamoyl]benzoic acids VIIIa,e were designed and synthesized. Selected compounds were screened in vitro for their cytotoxic effect on 60 human NCI tumor cell lines. Compound IIf (E) displayed significant inhibitory activity against NCI Non-Small Cell Lung A549/ATCC Cancer cell line (68% inhibition) and NCI-H460 Cancer cell line (66% inhibition). Moreover, the final compounds were evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxic activity on HepG2 Cancer cell line in which histone deacetylase (HDAC) is overexpressed. Compounds IIc (E), IIf (E), IIIb (E), and IIIg (E) exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity against HepG2 human cancer cell lines with IC50ranging from 2.27 to 10.71 μM. In addition, selected compounds were tested on histone deacetylase isoforms (HDAC1-11). Molecular docking simulation was also carried out for HDLP enzyme to investigate their HDAC binding affinity. In addition, generation of 3D-pharmacophore model and quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) models were combined to explore the structural requirements controlling the observed cytotoxic properties.
- Abdel-Atty, Mona M.,Farag, Nahla A.,Kassab, Shaymaa E.,Serya, Rabah A.T.,Abouzid, Khaled A.M.
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- PURINE DIONES AS WNT PATHWAY MODULATORS
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The invention relates to the use of compounds of general structure (I) in modulation of the Wnt pathway [Formula should be inserted here] wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each, independently, H or an
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Paragraph 000121
(2014/12/12)
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- Copper(I) 3-methylsalicylate, an efficient catalyst for N-arylation of heterocycles under moderate reaction conditions
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Copper(I) 3-methylsalicylate mediates N-arylation reactions of both aliphatic and aromatic heterocycles under moderate reaction conditions. Both electron rich and electron poor aryl bromides and a diverse set of N-heterocycles were allowed to react and gave N-arylation products in high yields which demonstrated the efficiency and utility of this catalyst.
- Farahat, Abdelbasset A.,Boykin, David W.
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supporting information
p. 3049 - 3051
(2014/05/20)
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- Synthesis and structural characterization of palladium(II) thiosemicarbazone complex: Application to the Buchwald-Hartwig amination reaction
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A simple route to synthesize mononuclear palladium(II) thiosemicarbazone complex has been described. Elemental analysis, spectral methods and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis were used to confirm the composition of the complex. The new complex acts as an active homogeneous catalyst for the Buchwald-Hartwig amination reaction of a wide range of aryl and heteroaryl halides (bromides and chlorides), including activating, neutral and deactivating substrates, with various secondary amines under optimized conditions.
- Prabhu, Rupesh Narayana,Ramesh, Rengan
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p. 1120 - 1124
(2013/03/13)
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- Investigation of the scope and mechanism of copper catalyzed regioselective methylthiolation of aryl halides Dedicated to Professor Dr. Irina Beletskaya
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Methylthiolation of structurally diverse aryl halides was accomplished under fluoride free conditions using catalytic amounts of CuI, and DMSO as the methylthiolation source. Optimization studies unveiled several varieties of promoters among which Zn(OAc)2 was found ideal. The analogous reaction with DMSO-d6 afforded corresponding deuterated aryl methyl thioether with 99% purity. Mechanistic studies revealed CuSMe as the active methylthiolation agent.
- Joseph, P.J. Amal,Priyadarshini,Kantam, M. Lakshmi,Sreedhar
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p. 8276 - 8283
(2013/09/02)
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- Ligand-free solid supported palladium(0) nano/microparticles promoted C-O, C-S, and C-N cross coupling reaction
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Ligand-free solid-supported nano and microparticles of Pd(0) (SS-Pd) were used as a heterogeneous catalyst in carbon-heteroatom bond formation reactions. Nitro substituted aryl halides reacted with oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen nucleophiles to afford the corresponding products in good yields. A one-pot sequential cross coupling and nitro-reduction was also performed using the same SS-Pd catalyst to access amine substituted carbon-heteroatomic molecules. In addition, SS-Pd could be recycled up to seven runs without a significant loss of catalytic activity.
- Bandna,Guha, Nitul Ranjan,Shil, Arun K.,Sharma, Dharminder,Das, Pralay
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supporting information
p. 5318 - 5322
(2012/10/30)
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- METHOD FOR COUPLING HALOGEN-SUBSTITUTED AROMATIC COMPOUNDS WITH ORGANIC COMPOUNDS COMPRISING TRIALKYLSILYL-SUBSTITUTED HETEROATOMS
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A process is provided for the preparation of aryl-heteroatom-bridged compounds by reacting a halogen-substituted aromatic compound with a trialkylsilyl-substituted heteroatom-containing organic compound.
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Page/Page column 5-6
(2012/06/16)
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- Ligands for copper-catalyzed C-N bond forming reactions with 1 Mol% CuBr as catalyst
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Several new ligands were designed to promote copper-catalyzed Ullman C-N coupling reactions. In this group, 8-hydroxyquinolin-N-oxide was found to serve as a superior ligand for CuBr-catalyzed coupling reactions of aryl iodides, bromides, and chlorides with aliphatic amines and N-heterocycles under a low catalyst loading (1% [Cu] mol). Reactions with the inexpensive catalytic system display a high functional group tolerance as well as excellent chemoselectivity.
- Yang, Kai,Qiu, Yatao,Li, Zheng,Wang, Zhaoyang,Jiang, Sheng
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experimental part
p. 3151 - 3159
(2011/06/23)
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- Unusual behavior in the reactivity of 5-substituted- 1H-tetrazoles in a resistively heated microreactor
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The decomposition of 5-benzhydryl-1H-tetrazole in an N-methyl-2- pyrrolidone/acetic acid/water mixture was investigated under a variety of high-temperature reaction conditions. Employing a sealed Pyrex glass vial and batch microwave conditions at 240 °, the tetrazole is comparatively stable and complete decomposition to diphenylmethane requires more than 8 h. Similar kinetic data were obtained in conductively heated flow devices with either stainless steel or Hastelloy coils in the same temperature region. In contrast, in a flow instrument that utilizes direct electric resistance heating of the reactor coil, tetrazole decomposition was dramatically accelerated with rate constants increased by two orders of magnitude. When 5-benzhydryl-1H-tetrazole was exposed to 220 ° in this type of flow reactor, decomposition to diphenylmethane was complete within 10 min. The mechanism and kinetic parameters of tetrazole decomposition under a variety of reaction conditions were investigated. A number of possible explanations for these highly unusual rate accelerations are presented. In addition, general aspects of reactor degradation, corrosion and contamination effects of importance to continuous flow chemistry are discussed.
- Gutmann, Bernhard,Glasnov, Toma N.,Razzaq, Tahseen,Goessler, Walter,Roberge, Dominique M.,Kappe, C. Oliver
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experimental part
p. 503 - 517
(2011/06/28)
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- The kinetics and mechanisms of aromatic nucleophilic substitution reactions in liquid ammonia
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The rates of aromatic nucleophilic substitution reactions in liquid ammonia are much faster than those in protic solvents indicating that liquid ammonia behaves like a typical dipolar aprotic solvent in its solvent effects on organic reactions. Nitrofluorobenzenes (NFBs) readily undergo solvolysis in liquid ammonia and 2-nitrofluorobenzene is about 30 times more reactive than the 4-substituted isomer. Oxygen nucleophiles, such as alkoxide and phenoxide ions, readily displace fluorine of 4-NFB in liquid ammonia to give the corresponding substitution product with little or no competing solvolysis product. Using the pKa of the substituted phenols in liquid ammonia, the Bronsted βnuc for the reaction of 4-NFB with para-substituted phenoxides is 0.91, indicative of the removal of most of the negative charge on the oxygen anion and complete bond formation in the transition state and therefore suggests that the decomposition of the Meisenheimer σ-intermediate is rate limiting. The aminolysis of 4-NFB occurs without general base catalysis by the amine and the second-order rate constants generate a Bronsted βnuc of 0.36 using either the pKa of aminium ion in acetonitrile or in water, which is also interpreted in terms of rate limiting breakdown of the Meisenheimer σ-intermediate. Nitrobenzene and diazene are formed as unusual products from the reaction between sodium azide and 4-NFB, which may be due to the initially formed 4-nitroazidobenzene decomposing to give a nitrene intermediate, which may then give diazene or be trapped by ammonia to give the unstable hydrazine which then yields nitrobenzene.
- Ji, Pengju,Atherton, John H.,Page, Michael I.
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supporting information; scheme or table
p. 3286 - 3295
(2011/07/07)
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- Two Component Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst, Process for Preparation Thereof and its Use for Preparation of Amines
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The invention describes the development of highly efficient, recyclable two component system, CuAl-hydrotalcite/rac 1,1′-Binaphthalene-2,2′-diol catalytic system for the N-alkylation of electron deficient aryl chlorides in presence of potassium carbonate as a base at room temperature in 3-6 h, wherein the process is provided for the preparation of various secondary amines via C—N coupling reaction of aliphatic amines(aliphatic open chain, acyclic, benzyl amines and heterocyclic amines) with various aryl chlorides.
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Page/Page column 7
(2012/01/13)
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- Synthesis of substituted acetylenes, aryl-alkyl ethers, 2-alkene-4-ynoates and nitriles using heterogeneous mesoporous Pd-MCM-48 as reusable catalyst
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Pd-MCM-48 has been employed as a heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of substituted acetylenes via Sonogashira reactions under copper and amine-free reaction conditions. In addition, the catalyst exhibited excellent regioselectivity for primary alcohols towards C-O coupling leading to formation of alkyl-aryl ethers in high yields. A green procedure for the stereoselective synthesis of 2-alkene-4-ynoates and nitriles from the reactions of vic-(E)-diiodoalkenes with activated alkenes has also been demonstrated using Pd-MCM-48 catalyst. The catalyst was easily recovered from the reaction mixture by filtration and reused for at least six times with minimal loss of activity.
- Banerjee, Subhash,Khatri, Hari,Balasanthiran, Vagulejan,Koodali, Ranjit T.,Sereda, Grigoriy
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experimental part
p. 5717 - 5724
(2011/08/21)
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