113641-76-2

Accessing the data points in the crystal structure landscape of a molecule is a challenging task, either experimentally or computationally. We have charted the crystal structure landscape of 4-bromocinnamic acid (4BCA) experimentally and computationally: experimental doping is achieved with 4-methylcinnamic acid (4MCA) to obtain new crystal structures; computational doping is performed with 4-chlorocinnamic acid (4CCA) as a model system, because of the difficulties associated in parameterizing the Br atom. The landscape of 4CCA is explored experimentally in turn, also by doping it with 4MCA, and is found to bear a close resemblance to the landscape of 4BCA, justifying the ready miscibility of these two halogenated cinnamic acids to form solid solutions without any change in crystal structure. In effect, 4MCA, 4CCA and 4BCA form a commutable group of crystal structures, which may be realized experimentally or computationally, and constitute the landscape. Unlike the results obtained by Kitaigorodskii, all but two of the multiple solid solutions obtained in the methyl-doping experiments take structures that are different from the hitherto observed crystal forms of the parent compounds. Even granted that the latter might be inherently polymorphic, this unusual observation provokes the suggestion that solid solution formation may be used to probe the crystal structure landscape. The influence of π???π interactions, weak hydrogen bonds and halogen bonds in directing the formation of these new structures is also seen.

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We have developed a new class of diarylalkyl amides as novel TRPV1 antagonists. They exhibited potent 45Ca2+ uptake inhibitions in rat DRG neuron. In particular, the amide 59 was identified as a potent antagonist with IC50 of 57 nM. The synthesis and structure-activity relationship of the diarylalkyl amides are also described.

A series of eight substituted N-(4-(4-(2-halogenophenyl)piperazin-1-yl) butyl)-3-phenylacryl amide derivatives have been synthesized and screened for binding affinities at dopamine hD2 and hD3 receptors. All compounds have shown high

The invention provides methods for treating an individual having a retinoid responsive disorder. In one embodiment, a method involves administering to the individual an effective amount of a selective CYP26B inhibitor, the selective CYP26B inhibitor having at least 10-fold selectivity for CYP26B relative to CYP26A. In another embodiment, a method involves administering to the individual an effective amount of a selective CYP26A inhibitor, the selective CYP26A inhibitor having a chemical formula set forth in the specification. The invention further provides screening methods for identifying a selective CYP26A inhibitor or selective CYP26B inhibitor.

Compounds of formulas 1 through 17 provided in the specification specifically or selectively inhibit either the cytochrome P450RAI-1 enzyme or the cytochrome P450RAI-2 enzyme.