- Macrocyclic BACE1 inhibitors with hydrophobic cross-linked structures: Optimization of ring size and ring structure
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Based on the X-ray crystallography of recombinant BACE1 and a hydroxyethylamine-type peptidic inhibitor, we introduced a cross-linked structure between the P1 and P3 side chains of the inhibitor to enhance its inhibitory activity. The P1 and P3 fragments bearing terminal alkenes were synthesized, and a ring-closing metathesis of these alkenes was used to construct the cross-linked structure. Evaluation of ring size using P1 and P3 fragments with various side chain lengths revealed that 13-membered rings were optimal, although their activity was reduced compared to that of the parent compound. Furthermore, the optimal ring structure was found to be a macrocycle with a dimethyl branched substituent at the P3 β-position, which was approximately 100-fold more active than the non-substituted macrocycle. In addition, the introduction of a 4-carboxymethylphenyl group at the P1′ position further improved the activity.
- Otani, Takuya,Hattori, Yasunao,Akaji, Kenichi,Kobayashi, Kazuya
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- Pyridazine-3-carboxamide compound and preparation method and application thereof in medicine
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The invention relates to a pyridazine-3-carboxamide compound suitable for inhibiting or regulating Janus kinase (JAK), especially tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2), a preparation method of the pyridazine-3-carboxamide compound and an application of the pyridazine-3-carboxamide compound in medicine. Specifically, the invention relates to a compound represented by a general formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and a method for treating and/or preventing Janus kinase-mediated related diseases, especially autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer by applying the compound or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and a preparation method of the compound or thepharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Each substituent of the general formula (I) has the same definition as in the specification.
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Paragraph 0700-0706
(2020/03/02)
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- Dynamic kinetic resolution of bis-aryl succinic anhydrides: Enantioselective synthesis of densely functionalised γ-butyrolactones
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The efficient Dynamic Kinetic Resolution (DKR) of disubstituted anhydrides has been shown to be possible for the first time. Using an ad hoc designed organocatalyst and an enantio- and diastereoselective cycloaddition process with aldehydes, stereochemically complex γ-butyrolactone derivatives can be obtained-with control over three contiguous stereocentres, one of which is all carbon quaternary.
- Claveau, Romain,Twamley, Brendan,Connon, Stephen J.
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p. 3231 - 3234
(2018/04/05)
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- Palladium-catalyzed α-arylation of zinc enolates of esters: Reaction conditions and substrate scope
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The intermolecular α-arylation of esters by palladium-catalyzed coupling of aryl bromides with zinc enolates of esters is reported. Reactions of three different types of zinc enolates have been developed. α-Arylation of esters occurs in high yields with i
- Hama, Takuo,Ge, Shaozhong,Hartwig, John F.
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p. 8250 - 8266
(2013/09/24)
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- Direct conversion of N -alkoxyamides to carboxylic esters through tandem nbs-mediated oxidative homocoupling and thermal denitrogenation
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Treatment of N-alkoxyamides with NBS in toluene was found to conveniently afford the corresponding carboxylic esters, including those bearing a bulky or long-chain substituent, in satisfactory to excellent yields. This approach not only represents a convenient and economic approach to a direct transformation of an alkoxyamide moiety into the carboxylic ester functional group, via oxidative homocoupling and the subsequent thermal denitrogenation, but also facilitates the synthesis of sterically hindered carboxylic esters.
- Zhang, Ningning,Yang, Rui,Zhang-Negrerie, Daisy,Du, Yunfei,Zhao, Kang
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p. 8705 - 8711
(2013/09/24)
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- Multicolor, one- and two-photon imaging of enzymatic activities in live cells with fluorescently quenched activity-based probes (qABPs)
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Fluorescence imaging provides an indispensable way to locate and monitor biological targets within complex and dynamic intracellular environments. Of the various imaging agents currently available, small molecule-based probes provide a powerful tool for live cell imaging, primarily due to their desirable properties, including cell permeability (as a result of their smaller sizes), chemical tractability (e.g., different molecular structures/designs can be installed), and amenability to imaging a wide variety of biological events. With a few exceptions, most existing small molecule probes are however not suitable for in vivo bioimaging experiments in which high-resolution studies of enzyme activity and localization are necessary. In this article, we reported a new class of fluorescently Quenched Activity-Based Probes (qABPs) which are highly modular, and can sensitively image (through multiple enzyme turnovers leading to fluorescence signal amplification) different types of enzyme activities in live mammalian cells with good spatial and temporal resolution. We have also incorporated two-photon dyes into our modular probe design, enabling for the first time activity-based, fluorogenic two-photon imaging of enzyme activities. This, hence, expands the repertoire of smart, responsive probes currently available for live cell bioimaging experiments.
- Hu, Mingyu,Li, Lin,Wu, Hao,Su, Ying,Yang, Peng-Yu,Uttamchandani, Mahesh,Xu, Qing-Hua,Yao, Shao Q.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 12009 - 12020
(2011/09/21)
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- NODAPA-OH and NODAPA-(NCS)n: Synthesis, 68Ga-radiolabelling and in vitro characterisation of novel versatile bifunctional chelators for molecular imaging
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This report concerns synthesis, 68Ga-radiolabelling and stability data of 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4-diacetic acid-7-p-isothio-cyanatophenyl-acetic acid (NODAPA-NCS), 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1-acetic acid-4,7-di-p-isothiocyanatophenyl-acetic acid (NODAPA-(NCS)2) and 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4-diacetic acid-7-p-hydroxyphenyl-acetic acid (NODAPA-OH), versatile bifunctional chelators with potential for molecular imaging. Protein binding and exemplified conjugation are also reported.
- Riss, Patrick J.,Kroll, Carsten,Nagel, Verena,Roesch, Frank
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scheme or table
p. 5364 - 5367
(2009/06/18)
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- Palladium-catalyzed-arylattion of esters With chloroarenes
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Palladium-catalyzed α-arylations of esters with chloroarenes are reported. The reactions of chloroarenes with the sodium enolates of tert-butyl propionate and methyl isobutyrate occur in high yields with 0.2-1 mol % of {[P(f-Bu)3]PdBr}2/s
- Hama, Takuo,Hartwig, John F.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 1549 - 1552
(2009/04/10)
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- Palladium-catalysed α-arylation of esters and amides under microwave conditions
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A rapid and convenient approach for the α-arylation of esters and amides using Reformatsky reagents under a microwave accelerated reaction protocol has been established.
- Bentz, Emilie,Moloney, Mark G.,Westaway, Susan M.
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p. 7395 - 7397
(2007/10/03)
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- A Simple and Efficient Synthesis of Alkyl (2-Nitroaryl)acetates and Alkyl 2-(2-Nitroaryl)propanoates via Vicarious Nucleophilic Substitution of Hydrogen in Nitroarenes by Carbanions or Alkyl Chloroacetates of Alkyl 2-Chloropropanoates
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Alkyl chloroacetates react with nitroarenes and potassium tert-butoxide in dimethylformamide according to the Vicarious Nucleophilic Substitution pattern, preferentially in the position ortho to the nitro group, giving alkyl (2-nitroaryl)acetates in usually good yields.Alkyl 2-(2-nitroaryl)propanoates are obtained in an analogous manner.
- Mudryk, B.,Makosza, M.
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p. 1007 - 1009
(2007/10/02)
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- A NOVEL NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION OF THE FORMYL GROUP IN p-NITROBENZALDEHYDE WITH SOME CARBANIONS
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p-Nitrobenzaldehyde reacts with some active methylene compounds in the presence of a strong base at low temperatures to give p-substituted nitrobenzenes by the two-step course involving the initial formation of the aldol adducts and the subsequent displacement of the carbinol moieties with excess carbanions.
- Iwasaki, Genji,Saeki, Seitaro,Hamana, Masatomo
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p. 173 - 176
(2007/10/02)
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- NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION p-DINITROBENZENE WITH SOME CARBANIONS. FORMATION OF p-SUBSTITUTED NITROBENZENES
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Treatment of p-dinitrobenzene with active methylene compounds of rather weak acidity in the presence of t-BuOK in liq NH3 at -70'C leads to nucleophilic substitution of a nitro group, giving p-substituted nitrobenzenes in generally good yields.
- Iwasaki, Genji,Saeki, Seitaro,Hamana, Masatomo
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- Vicarious Nucleophilic Substitution of Hydrogen in Nitroarenes with α-Substituted Nitriles and Esters. Direct α-Cyanoalkylation and α-Carbalkoxyalkylation of Nitroarenes
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Carbanions generated from alkanenitriles bearing α-chloro, α-OR, or α-SR groups and from aliphatic esters bearing α-SR groups react with mononitroarenes to replace hydrogen atoms of the nitroaromatic ring ortho or para to the nitro group with α-cyanoalkyl or α-carbalkoxyalkyl substituents.The nucleophilic replacement of hydrogen with such carbanions proceeds faster than substitution of halogen ortho or para to the nitro group.
- Makosza, Mieczyslaw,Winiarski, Jerzy
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p. 1494 - 1499
(2007/10/02)
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