Journal of Materials Chemistry C p. 3316 - 3336 (2020)
Update date:2022-07-30
Topics:
Alaasar, Mohamed
Cai, Xiaoqian
Eremin, Alexey
Kurachkina, Marharyta
Lehmann, Anne
Liu, Feng
Nagaraj, Mamatha
Poppe, Marco
Poppe, Silvio
Tamba, Maria-Gabriela
Tschierske, Carsten
Vij, Jagdish K.
Fluids with spontaneous helical structures formed by achiral low molecular mass molecules is a newly emerging field with great application potential. Here, we explore the chemical mechanisms of the helix formation by systematically modifying the structure of a bent 4-cyanoresorcinol unit functionalized with two different phenyl benzoate based aromatic rods and terminated with two alkyl chains of variable length. The majority of these achiral compounds self-assemble, forming a short-pitch heliconical liquid crystalline phase in broad temperature ranges. In some cases, it occurs without any competing low-temperature phase. We demonstrate that the mirror symmetry broken mesophase occurs at the paraelectric-(anti)ferroelectric transition if the tilt angle of the molecules in the smectic layers is around 18-20° and if this transition coincides with a change of the tilt correlation between the layers. In the close vicinity of this transition, a field-induced heliconical phase develops as well as a new heliconical phase with polarization-randomized structure. These investigations provide a blueprint for the future design of achiral molecules capable of spontaneous mirror symmetry breaking by the formation of heliconical liquid crystalline phases.
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