A VERSATILE VMPO CATALYST PREPARED IN SITU
297
with a STA449 F3 Jupiter Thermo Gravimetric Analyser
system at the rate of 5 deg/min. Transmission electron
micrograph (TEM) images of catalysts were taken by
using a TECNAI-G2 microscope with charge coupled
camera.
3. Janke, C., Radnik, J., Bentrup, U., Martin, A., and Brück-
ner, A., ACS Catal., 2014, vol. 4, p. 2687.
. Nagaraju,P.,Lingaiah,N.,SaiPrasad,P.S.,Kalevaru,V.N.,
and Martin, A., Catalysis Commun., 2008, vol. 9, p. 2449.
Activity studies. Ammoxidation of three isomeric
picolines and three isomeric xylenes was studied in a
fixed bed continuous flow glass reactor (Fig. 9) under
atmospheric pressure. The reactor was packed with 10 g
of catalyst between two layers of porcelain beads. The
upper layer of the porcelain beads served dual purpose
as a pre-heater and mixer for the reactant. Before the
reaction, ammonia gas was fed to catalyst bed at the
rate of 50 mL/min at 450°C for 1 h. Then molar ratio
of feed: ammonia: air (1 : 3 : 6) was introduced into
the reactor. The system temperature was measured by a
thermocouple. The reactions were performed in the tem-
perature range of 375–450°C for 2 h. The liquid product
was trapped at 0°C. The products were analysed by gas
chromatography (GC), using carbowax 20 M column
with a thermal conductivity detector (TCD).
5
. Kalevaru, V.N., Madaan, N., and Martin, A., Appl. Catal.
A: Gen., 2011, vol. 391, p. 52.
6
7
8
. Ray, S.C., Roy, S.K., Singh, B., Murty, G.S., and Mukher-
jee, P.N., Indian J. Technol., 1983, vol. 21, p. 387.
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Indian J. Technol., 1983, vol. 21, p. 461.
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Adv. Synth. Catal., 2004, vol. 346, p. 1407.
0. Deltecheff, C.R., Aouissi, A., Bettahar, M.M., Launaym, S.,
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CONCLUSIONS
11. Roch, C.M., Laronze, N., Villianneau, R., Guilou, N.,
Teze, A., and Herve, G., J. Catal., 2000, vol. 190, p. 173.
2. Bielanski, A., Malecka, A., and Kubelkova, L., J. Chem.
Soc., Faraday Trans., 1989, vol. 85, p. 2847.
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J. Chem. Sci., 2014, vol. 126, p. 445.
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TiO Supported VMPO prepared by thermal de-
2
composition of PMoV has been found to be a versatile
catalyst. VMPO-30 Demonstrated the highest catalytic
activity for ammoxidation of three isomeric picolines
and three isomeric xylenes which could be due to the
presence of different well dispersed phases of vanadium
pyrophosphates and molybdenum phosphates.
1
1
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
15. Deltecheff, C.R., Fournier, M., and Frank, R., Inorg.
Chem., 1983, vol. 22, p. 207.
16. Damyanova, S. and Fierro, J.L.G., Chem. Mater., 1998,
vol. 10, p. 871.
The authors thank the Director, CSIR-Central Institute of
Mining and Fuel Research for his kind permission to pub-
lish the paper. The authors also thank Council of Scientific
and Industrial Research, New Delhi for financial support. The
authors are thankful to Dr. S. Maity for providing TPD and
TPR analysis of the catalysts.
7. Predoeva, A., Damyanova, S., Gaigneaux, E.M., and
Petrov, L., Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 2007, vol. 319, p. 14.
8. Cabello, C.I., Egusquiza, M.G., Botto, I.L., and Minelli, G.,
Mater. Chem. Phys., 2004, vol. 87, p. 264.
1
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.
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