110871-86-8 Usage
Description
Sparfloxacin is a potent fluoroquinolone antibiotic, specifically designed for the treatment of community-acquired infections. It exhibits superior and broad in vitro activity against members of the Enterobacteriaceae family and anaerobic bacteria, including those resistant to β-lactam antibiotics or aminoglycosides. Sparfloxacin is effective in treating patients with bladder irritability and has shown potential in the treatment of leprosy and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice. It is characterized by favorable pharmacokinetic properties, good intracellular penetration, and a lack of transferable resistance. Sparfloxacin is available under the brand names Zagam (Mylan) and Spara.
Uses
Used in Antifungal Applications:
Sparfloxacin is used as an antifungal agent for treating various fungal infections. Its broad-spectrum activity against a range of fungal pathogens makes it a valuable option in antifungal therapy.
Used in Antibacterial Applications:
Sparfloxacin is used as a fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent for treating community-acquired infections. Its effectiveness against resistant pathogens, including those resistant to β-lactam antibiotics or aminoglycosides, makes it a preferred choice in antibacterial treatment.
Used in Surgical Infections:
Sparfloxacin is used as an antibacterial agent for treating patients with surgical infections. Its excellent activity against resistant pathogens makes it a suitable option for post-surgical infection management.
Used in Bladder Irritability Treatment:
Sparfloxacin is used as a therapeutic agent for treating patients with bladder irritability. Its effectiveness in managing bladder-related issues contributes to improved patient comfort and quality of life.
Used in Leprosy and Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Treatment:
Sparfloxacin is used as a potential treatment option for leprosy and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice. Its demonstrated potential in these areas highlights its versatility and broad-spectrum activity in combating various bacterial infections.
Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Sparfloxacin is used as an active pharmaceutical ingredient in the development of antibiotics and antifungal medications. Its potent activity against a wide range of pathogens makes it a valuable asset in the pharmaceutical industry for the creation of effective treatments for various infections.
Originator
Dainippon (Japan)
Manufacturing Process
A mixture of the known compound, ethyl pentafluorobenzoylacetate [J. Org.
Chem., 35, 930 (1970)] (25 g), ethyl orthoformate (20 g), and acetic
anhydride (23 g) was refluxed for 2 h. The reaction mixture was evaporated
to dryness under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in diethyl ether
and allowed to react with cyclopropylamine (5.1 g) to give ethyl 2-
pentafluorobenzoyl-3-cyclopropylaminoacrylate (28 g), melting point 89°C.The ethyl 2-pentafluorobenzoyl-3-cyclopropylaminoacrylate (28 g) was
dissolved in dry tetrahydrofuran and allowed to react with 60% sodium
hydride (3.85 g) at room temperature to give ethyl 1-cyclopropyl-5,6,7,8-
tetrafluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylate (18.4 g), melting point
170°-171°C.A mixture of ethyl 1-cyclopropyl-5,6,7,8-tetrafluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-
oxoquinoline-3-carboxylate (28.2 g), benzylamine (9.8 ml), anhydrous
potassium carbonate (23.6 g), and acetonitrile (140 ml) was heated at 100°-
110°C for 1 h to give ethyl 5-benzylamino-1-cyclopropyl-6,7,8-trifluoro-1,4-
dihydro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylate (21.4 g), which was recrystallized from
ethanol, melting point 134°-135°C.The ethyl 5-benzylamino-1-cyclopropyl-6,7,8-trifluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-
oxoquinoline-3-carboxylate (20 g) was dissolved in acetic acid (100 ml) and
ethanol (150 ml), and hydrogenolyzed in the presence of 5% palladiumcarbon
(0.5 g) to give ethyl 5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-6,7,8-trifluoro-1,4-dihydro-
4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylate (14.1 g), which was recrystallized from
chloroform-ethanol, melting point 236°-237°C.A mixture of the ethyl 5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-6,7,8-trifluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-
oxoquinoline-3-carboxylate (12.6 g), acetic acid (80 ml), water (50 ml), and
concentrated sulfuric acid (9 ml) was heated at 100°-110°C for 40 min to give
5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-6,7,8-trifluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic
acid (11.1 g), which was recrystallized from chloroform-ethanol, melting point
294°-295°C.A mixture of 5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-6,7,8-trifluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-
oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (1.25 g), cis-2,6-dimethylpiperazine (2.0 g),
and dimethylformamide was stirred at room tempersture for 24 h. The
reaction mixture was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure and
water was added to the residue. The mixture was extracted with chloroform
and the extract was dried. After evaporation of chloroform, ethanol was added
to the residue. The resulting crystals were filtered and recrystallized from
chloroform-ethanol to give 5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-7-(cis-3,5-
dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-1,4-dihydro- 4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (1.4 g),
melting point: 258°-260°C.
Therapeutic Function
Antibacterial
World Health Organization (WHO)
Sparfloxacin is a quinolone antimicrobial agent. See also under
quinolone and fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents.
Pharmaceutical Applications
It is highly active against most aerobic Grampositive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli, including fastidious Gram-negative bacilli, Acinetobacter spp., Campylobacter spp. and Legionella spp. Ps. aeruginosa is weakly susceptible. Activity also extends to the genital mycoplasmas, M. tuberculosis and M. avium complex isolates. It is moderately active against some anaerobes (including the B. fragilis group); L. monocytogenes is resistant.It is well absorbed, achieving a plasma concentration of 1–1.5 mg/L 4.5 h after a 400 mg oral dose. Absorption is decreased in the presence of antacids owing to the formation of chelates with metallic ions. Concentrations in many tissues, including lung, exceed those in plasma. The plasma half-life is 15–20 h. CSF penetration is limited. Around 5–10% of a dose is eliminated unchanged in the urine, with about 30% appearing as the glucuronide. Total clearance is 10–15 L/h. The plasma half-life increases only modestly in renal failure to 30–40 h. About 50–60% of the dose appears as unchanged drug in the feces, mainly as the glucuronide, accounting for 10–20% of the administered dose.Adverse events are those common to fluoroquinolones, in particular gastrointestinal tract disturbances, CNS effects (mainly headache and insomnia) and rashes. Photosensitivity reactions have been observed in 2–11% of patients. It can prolong the QTc interval and cases of torsade de pointes have been reported. It does not potentiate the toxicity of theophylline.It has been used for respiratory and other infections caused by susceptible bacteria, but use has been restricted in the USA and Europe because of phototoxicity and cardiotoxicity.
Clinical Use
Sparfloxacin, (cis)-5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-7-(3,5-dimethyl)-1-piperazinyl)-6,8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylicacid, is a newer fluoroquinolone.This compound exhibits higher potency against Grampositivebacteria, especially staphylococci and streptococci,than the fluoroquinolones currently marketed. It is also moreactive against chlamydia and the anaerobe Bacteroides fragilis.The activity of sparfloxacin against Gram-negative bacteriais also very impressive, and it compares favorably withciprofloxacin and ofloxacin in potency against Mycoplasmaspp., Legionella spp., Mycobacteria spp., and Listeria monocytogenes.Sparfloxacin has a long elimination half-life of18 hours, which permits once-a-day dosing for most indications.The drug is widely distributed into most fluidsand tissues. Effective concentrations of sparfloxacin areachieved for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections,lower respiratory infections (including bronchitis and bacterialpneumonias), and pelvic inflammatory disease causedby gonorrhea and chlamydia. Sparfloxacin has also beenrecommended for the treatment of bacterial gastroenteritisand cholecystitis. The oral bioavailability of sparfloxacinis claimed to be good, and sufficient unchanged drug isexcreted to be effective for the treatment of urinary tract infections.Nearly 20% of an orally administered dose is excretedas an inactive glucuronide.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 110871-86-8 includes 9 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 6 digits, 1,1,0,8,7 and 1 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 8 and 6 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 110871-86:
(8*1)+(7*1)+(6*0)+(5*8)+(4*7)+(3*1)+(2*8)+(1*6)=108
108 % 10 = 8
So 110871-86-8 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C19H22FN3O3/c1-10-7-22(8-11(2)21-10)17-6-16-13(5-15(17)20)18(24)14(19(25)26)9-23(16)12-3-4-12/h5-6,9-12,21H,3-4,7-8H2,1-2H3,(H,25,26)
110871-86-8Relevant articles and documents
Quinoline derivatives and processes for preparation thereof
-
, (2008/06/13)
The present invention relates to a quinoline derivative of the formula wherein Z is an amino group or a halogen atom, R1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl or ethyl group, R2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl or fluoromethyl group, R3 and R4 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and n is 1 or 2; and esters thereof and salts thereof and processes for preparation thereof. These compounds show excellent antibacterial activity and are useful antibacterial agents