208251-96-1Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis and Atropisomerism of Cascaded Tetraphenylporphyrin-[60]Fullerene Hybrids
Schlundt, Sebastian,Bauer, Walter,Hirsch, Andreas
, p. 12421 - 12430 (2015)
Flexible, linked dendritic tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP)-fullerene hybrids were synthesized. They were designed to gain insight into and mimic the primary events in the natural photosynthetic reaction center. These multiporphyrin moieties are based on a light-harvesting concept. Moreover, they incorporate multiple redox components aligned along a redox gradient. Newkome-type dendrons were added to these TPP-fullerene hybrids. In principle they can mediate pH-dependent water solubility, which, however, could not be observed in this case. A protecting-group strategy using tert-butyldiphenylsilyl groups allows convergent synthesis of the dendritic compounds. The dendritic multiporphyrins were synthesized separately and can be used as individual building blocks. Atropisomerism was observed in the dendritic compounds, and single atropisomers could be assigned to the corresponding peaks of a characteristic pattern in the NMR spectra. Deprotection of the Newkome-type dendrons was shown to be feasible under mild conditions that leave the redox gradient intact. Redox gradient: Flexible dendritic porphyrin-fullerene hybrids were synthesized. They comprise a large dendritic redox gradient Fc9-(ZnP)3-H2P-C60 (Fc: ferrocene, ZnP: zinc porphyrin, H2P: free-base porphyrin, and C60: fullerene), in which multiple porphyrins are embedded for light harvesting (see figure). Porphyrin-fullerene compounds with attached Newkome-type dendrons were also synthesized. They could be deprotected in a mild manner to give dendritic products with free carboxyl groups.
Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Detection of the Pyrethroid Insecticide Fenpropathrin
Wengatz, Ingrid,Stoutamire, Donald W.,Gee, Shirley J.,Hammock, Bruce D.
, p. 2211 - 2221 (2007/10/03)
A competitive enayme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the quantitative detection of fenpropathrin [(RS)-α-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropanecarboxylate]. Polyclonal antisera were isolated from rabbits immunized with two different fenpropathrin hapten conjugates. One hapten contained an amino function; the other contained a carboxyl group for conjugation to carrier proteins. Mollusk hemocyanins, thyroglobulin, and fetuin were used as carrier proteins. The antisera varied greatly in their affinities for fenpropathrin. A homologous assay system using the coating antigen format was the most sensitive. The IC50 for fenpropathrin was 20 μg/L, and the lower detection limit was 2.5 μg/L. Pyrethroids, such as phenothrin, permethrin, resmethrin, fenvalerate, deltamethrin, cyfluthrin, and cypermethrin, and the pyrethroid metabolites, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid and fenpropathrin acid, did not cross-react significantly in this assay. Ten percent acetone or methanol and a pH of 4 were determined to be optimum assay conditions. Various cationic, anionic, and nonionic detergents had no significant effect on the assay.
