504-53-0Relevant articles and documents
Preparation and Characterization of Glycerol-Based Cleavable Surfactantsand Derived Vesicles
Jaeger, David A.,Jamrozik, Janusz,Golich, Timothy G.,Clennan, Malgorzata Wegrzyn,Mohebalian, Jamshid
, p. 3001 - 3006 (1989)
Four cleavable double-chain surfactants were synthesized: trimethylammonium methanesulfonate 1a, the analogous bromide 1b, dimethyl(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide inner salt 1c, and sodium 3--1-propanesulfonate 1d.Vesicles of 1a, 1b, and 1d prepared by sonication were characterized by 1H NMR line width narrowing, dynamic laser light scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, and dye entrapment and leakage studies.In vesicular form, the hydrolytic lability of 1d was greater than that of 1a/1b, due to a combination of electrostatic effects resulting from the different subtituents on the dioxolane ring.Neutral organic compounds can be readily isolated from vesicular solutions of 1d after its hydrolysis.Thus 1d is appropriate for the applicaton of vesicular media to preparative chemistry.
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Hoffmann,Ralston,Ziegler
, p. 301,302 (1939)
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Effective deoxygenation of fatty acids over Ni(OAc)2 in the absence of H2 and solvent
Li, Wenjing,Gao, Yongjun,Yao, Siyu,Ma, Ding,Yan, Ning
, p. 4198 - 4205 (2015/08/11)
Different metal acetate salts were systematically examined for the catalytic deoxygenation of stearic acid in the absence of H2 and solvent for the first time. Ni(OAc)2 exhibited the highest activity with 62% yield achieved at 350°C for 4.5 h with only 1 mol% (0.2 wt%) of the catalyst. Even with 0.25 mol% (0.05 wt%) catalyst, around 28% yield was achieved within 2 h at 350°C with 89% selectivity to C17 hydrocarbons. The activity based on C17 yields per Ni was 14.5 mol mol-1 h-1, considerably higher than that in previous reports. The catalytically active species were identified to be in situ generated Ni nanoparticles (8-10 nm) formed from the decomposition of the metal precursor with stearic acid as a stabilizer. A new reaction pathway of alkane formation from stearic acid via anhydride intermediate decarbonylation under an inert gas atmosphere was proposed. The excellent stability of the catalyst was demonstrated by re-adding a substrate to the system, during which the activity remained constant through four consecutive runs. The novel catalytic system was found to be applicable to a range of fatty acids and triglycerides with varying activities.
Super water-repellent surfaces resulting from fractal structure
Shibuichi, Satoshi,Onda, Tomohiro,Satoh, Naoki,Tsujii, Kaoru
, p. 19512 - 19517 (2007/10/03)
Super water-repellent surfaces showing a contact angle of 174° for water droplets have been made of alkylketene dimer (AKD). Water droplets roll around without attachment on the super water-repellent surfaces when tilted slightly. The AKD is a kind of wax and forms spontaneously a fractal structure in its surfaces by solidification from the melt. The fractal surfaces of AKD repel a water droplet completely and show a contact angle larger than 170° without any fluorination treatments. Theoretical prediction of the wettability of the fractal surfaces has been given in the previous paper.3 The relationship between the contact angle of the flat surface θ and that of the fractal surface θf is expressed by the equation cos θf = (L/l)D-2 cos θ where (L/l)D-2 is the surface area magnification factor. The fractal dimension of the solid AKD surface was determined to be D ≈ 2.3 applying the box-counting method to the SEM images of the AKD cross section. L and l, which are the largest and the smallest size limits of the fractal behavior of the surface, are also estimated from the box-counting method. The contact angles of some water/1,4-dioxane mixtures on the fractal and the flat AKD surfaces were determined, and the values of cos θf were plotted against cos θ. The plot of cos θf against cos θ agrees well with the theoretical prediction. It has been demonstrated by this work that the fractal concept is a powerful tool to develop some novel functional materials.
