53778-73-7Relevant articles and documents
Hydrogen bonding-catalysed alcoholysis of propylene oxide at room temperature
Li, Ruipeng,Liu, Zhimin,Wang, Yuepeng,Xiang, Junfeng,Xu, Yueting,Zhang, Fengtao,Zhao, Yanfei
supporting information, p. 8734 - 8737 (2021/09/08)
Alcoholysis of propylene oxide (PO) is achieved over azolate ionic liquids (IL,e.g., 1-hydroxyethyl-3-methyl imidazolium imidazolate) at room temperature, accessing glycol ethers in high yields with excellent selectivity (e.g., >99%). Mechanism investigation indicates that cooperation of hydrogen-bonding of the anion with methanol and that of the cation with PO catalyses the reaction.
Scalable and super-stable exfoliation of graphitic carbon nitride in biomass-derived γ-valerolactone: Enhanced catalytic activity for the alcoholysis and cycloaddition of epoxides with CO2
Xue, Zhimin,Liu, Feijie,Jiang, Jingyun,Wang, Jinfang,Mu, Tiancheng
, p. 5041 - 5045 (2017/11/09)
Biomass-derived γ-valerolactone (GVL) could exfoliate bulk g-C3N4 to form a super-stable dispersion of few-layer g-C3N4 nanosheets with a high concentration of up to 0.8 mg mL-1 due to the polarity and the appropriate surface energy of GVL. The exfoliation process can be easily extended to a 200 ml scale and should be extended further. The formed g-C3N4 nanosheets showed enhanced activity for the alcoholysis of epoxides and the cycloaddition of epoxides with CO2 owing to their higher specific surface areas and more exposed active centers than the bulk g-C3N4. This affords a green, facile and scalable method to form few-layer g-C3N4 nanosheets and further expand the application of g-C3N4 materials to the field of non-photocatalysis.
The synthesis of butene glycol ethers with aluminium triflate
Terblans, Yvette M.,Huyser, Michelle,Young, Desmond A.,Green, Michael J.
, p. 859 - 866 (2007/10/03)
The use of aluminium triflate as a ring-opening catalyst for butene oxide (BuO) was evaluated in the presence of different alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, 2-propanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, and 2-methyl-2-propanol. The reaction with methanol was studied kinetically by varying the temperature, catalyst concentration, and methanol - butene oxide molar ratio. These reactions yielded two major products (2-methoxy-1-butanol and 1-methoxy-2-butanol) in a approximate ratio of 1:1. It was noted that at low catalyst concentrations (5 ppm), low temperatures (90 °C), and a MeOH-BuO molar ratio of 8:1, the selectivity of the reaction could be kinetically manipulated to shift the product ratio towards 1-methoxy-2-butanol, the α-alkoxyalcohol. This result was confirmed by an experimental design program. Statistical calculations using the data from the experimental design identified a feasible region in which reactions with methanol could be carried out, which would lead to slightly higher selectivities to 1-methoxy-2-butanol. This region shows that the methanol - butene oxide ratio should be 8:1, the temperature between 80 and 85 °C, and the catalyst concentration between 3.9 and 5 ppm. These reaction conditions were used to carry out a test reaction with methanol and an extended series of alcohols. All the alcohols, except for 2-methyl-2-propanol, reacted with butene oxide under these conditions, with the selectivity to the α-alkoxyalcohol higher than to the β- alkoxyalcohol. To obtain a ring-opening reaction with 2-methyl-2-propanol, it was found that a higher catalyst concentration (approximately 10 ppm) and a lower alcohol - butene oxide ratio (6:1) at a temperature of 80 °C were necessary. This reaction led to a mixture of 1-tert-butoxy-2-butanol and 2-tert-butoxy-1-butanol with the selectivity to the α-alkoxyalcohol being somewhat higher because of the steric influence of the bulky tert-butoxy group.
