57-30-7

Basic information

• Product Name: Phenobarbital sodium
• Synonyms: PHENOBARBITALSODIUM,USP;5-ETHYL-5-PHENYLBARBITURICACIDSODIUMSALT(PHENOBARBITALSODIUM);5-Ethyl-5-phenyl-2,4,6-trioxohexahydropyrimidine sodium salt, 5-Ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid sodium salt, Luminal sodium salt, Sodium 5-ethyl-5-phenylbarbiturate;2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-Pyrimidinetrione, 5-ethyl-5-phenyl-, monosodium salt;5-Ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid sodium;Sodium ethylphenylbarbiturat;Phenobarbital Sodium Salt (contains 5% Isopropyl Alcohol at maximum);5-Ethyl-5-phenyl-2-sodiooxy-4,6(1H,5H)-pyrimidinedione
• CAS NO: 57-30-7
• Molecular Formula: C₁₂H₁₁N₂O₃*Na
• Molecular Weight: 254.22
• EINECS: 200-322-3
• Product Categories: Heterocyclic Compounds
• Mol File: 57-30-7.mol
• Article Data: 3

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 175°C
• Boiling Point: 384.7°C at 760 mmHg
• Flash Point: 186.5°C
• Appearance: Odorless white crystalline powder
• Vapor Pressure: 1.32E-06mmHg at 25°C
• Solubility: H2O: 1 g/mL
• Water Solubility: >=10 g/100 mL at 20 ºC
• Merck: 13,7319
• BRN: 3802044
• CAS DataBase Reference: Phenobarbital sodium(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: Phenobarbital sodium(57-30-7)
• EPA Substance Registry System: Phenobarbital sodium(57-30-7)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: T
• Statements: 25-40-43
• Safety Statements: 22-36/37/39-45
• RIDADR: UN 2811 6.1/PG 3
• RTECS: CQ7000000
• HazardClass: 6.1(b)
• PackingGroup: III
• Hazardous Substances Data: 57-30-7(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Description

Phenobarbital sodium is a barbiturate that is the sodium salt of phenobarbital, which is barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups. It is an odorless white crystalline powder with a bitter taste and exhibits alkaline properties in aqueous solutions. Phenobarbital sodium is classified as a narcotic.

Uses

1. Used in Medical Applications:
Phenobarbital sodium is used as an anticonvulsant and sedative-hypnotic for the treatment of various conditions such as seizures, anxiety, and insomnia. It helps in controlling the electrical activity in the brain, leading to a calming effect.
2. Used in Research and Laboratory Settings:
Phenobarbital sodium is used to anesthetize mice for inducing ischemia-reperfusion injury, which is a common procedure in medical research.
3. Used as a Positive Control in Bioluminescent Yeast Bioreporters (BLYAS) Assay:
Phenobarbital sodium is used as a positive control for the activation of the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) in bioluminescent yeast bioreporters, which are used to study the effects of various compounds on gene expression.
4. Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Phenobarbital sodium is used under the brand name Luminal Sodium (Sterling Winthrop) in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of medications that target the central nervous system.

Air & Water Reactions

Hygroscopic. May be sensitive to prolonged exposure to air. Water soluble. Aqueous solutions are unstable, but may be kept at or below 50°F for a few days.

Reactivity Profile

Phenobarbital sodium can react with strong oxidizing agents. Incompatible with ammonium salts and chloral hydrate. Also incompatible with acids and acidic substances .

Fire Hazard

Flash point data for Phenobarbital sodium are not available; however, Phenobarbital sodium is probably combustible.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Phenobarbital, a substituted barbituric acid is an antileptic drug and is not easily eliminated from circulation. It hyperpolarizes the synaptic neuronal membranes by favoring the activation of neuronal postsynaptic GABAA?receptors by γ aminobutyric acid (GABA). Phenobarbital is also effective in treating neonatal seizures and status epilepticus.

Safety Profile

Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic, neoplastigenic, tumorigenic, and teratogenic data. Poison by ingestion, intravenous, intraperitoneal, intraduodenal, and subcutaneous routes. Human systemic effects by ingestion: nausea or vomiting and coma. Experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. Used to treat epilepsy, as a hypnotic and sedative. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx and NazO. See also BARBITURATES

InChI:InChI=1/C12H12N2O3.Na/c1-2-9-10(15)13-12(17)14(11(9)16)8-6-4-3-5-7-8;/h3-7,9H,2H2,1H3,(H,13,15,17);/q;+1/p-1

Upstream product

• 21914-07-8 5,5-diphenylbarbituric acid 
• 50-06-6 phenobarbital 

Downstream Products

• 89263-39-8 Ag-phenobarbital 
• 108724-38-5 5-ethyl-5-phenyl-barbituric acid ; sodium-silver-double salt 
• 1279116-37-8 1-(7-chloro-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-5-oxobenzo[b]oxepin-4-yl)-5-ethyl-5-phenylpyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione 
• 50-06-6 phenobarbital 
• 102458-08-2 (5-ethyl-2,4,6-trioxo-5-phenyl-dihydro-pyrimidine-1,3-diyl)-di-acetic acid diethyl ester 
• 101281-12-3 (5-ethyl-2,4,6-trioxo-5-phenyl-dihydro-pyrimidine-1,3-diyl)-bis-acetic acid 
• 93590-38-6 1-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl-⁽²⁾H₁₇-4-carbamoylpropyl)-5-ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid 

Relevant articles and documents

PHENOBARBITAL SALTS; METHODS OF MAKING; AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF

Disclosed are new phenobarbital salts, methods of preparation, and uses thereof.

Water dispersion containing ultrafine particles of organic compounds

A water-dispersible condensate of water-insoluble ultrafine particles of medicine or hormones having a particle size of at largest 4 μm prepared by the steps of heating the medicine or hormone in a vacuum vessel at a temperature of 30° C. higher than the boiling point and at a pressure between 0.01 Torr and 10 Torr to evaporate the medicine or hormone and condensing the medicine or hormone on a recovery plate to obtain the condensate.