922-55-4Relevant articles and documents
Influence of Sulfur-Containing Diamino Acid Structure on Covalently Crosslinked Copolypeptide Hydrogels
Raftery, Eric D.,Gharkhanian, Eric G.,Ricapito, Nicole G.,McNamara,Deming, Timothy J.
, p. 3547 - 3553 (2018/09/25)
Biologically occurring non-canonical di-α-amino acids were converted into new di-N-carboxyanhydride (di-NCA) monomers in reasonable yields with high purity. Five different di-NCAs were separately copolymerized with tert-butyl-l-glutamate NCA to obtain covalently crosslinked copolypeptides capable of forming hydrogels with varying crosslinker density. Comparison of hydrogel properties with residue structure revealed that different di-α-amino acids were not equivalent in crosslink formation. Notably, l-cystine was found to produce significantly weaker hydrogels compared to l-homocystine, l-cystathionine, and l-lanthionine, suggesting that l-cystine may be a sub-optimal choice of di-α-amino acid for preparation of copolypeptide networks. The di-α-amino acid crosslinkers also provided different chemical stability, where disulfide crosslinks were readily degraded by reduction, and thioether crosslinks were stable against reduction. This difference in response may provide a means to fine tune the reduction sensitivity of polypeptide biomaterial networks.
Stereoselective synthesis of lanthionine derivatives in aqueous solution and their incorporation into the peptidoglycan of Escherichia coli
Denoel, Thibaut,Zervosen, Astrid,Gerards, Thomas,Lemaire, Christian,Joris, Bernard,Blanot, Didier,Luxen, Andre
, p. 4621 - 4628 (2014/10/16)
The three diastereoisomers - (R,R), (S,S) and meso - of lanthionine were synthesized in aqueous solution with high diastereoselectivity (>99%). The (S) and (R) enantiomers of two differently protected sulfamidates were opened by nucleophilic attack of (R) or (S)-cysteine. Acidification and controlled heating liberated the free lanthionines. Using the same chemistry, an α-benzyl lanthionine was also prepared. The proposed method, which avoids the need of enrichment by recrystallization, opens the way to the labelling of these compounds with 35S. Furthermore, in vivo bioincorporation into Escherichia coli W7 was studied. No incorporation of α-benzyl lanthionine was observed. In contrast, meso-lanthionine can effectively replace meso-diaminopimelic acid in vivo, while in the presence of (R,R)-lanthionine the initial increase of bacterial growth was followed by cell lysis. In the future, meso-[35S]lanthionine could be used to study the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan and its turnover in relation to cell growth and division.
Triply bridged (1,3,5) cyclophanes from cystine and lanthionine linkers-a comparison
Ranganathan,Venkateshwarlu,Babu,Reddy,Basha,Sarma,Vijay,Sastry
experimental part, p. 3923 - 3929 (2010/07/05)
The condensation of benzene 1,3,5-tricarbonylchloride with cystine-di-Me [H2N-CH(COOMe)-CH2-S-S-CH2-CH(COOMe)-NH 2] yielded triply bridged (1,3,5) cyclophane 1, which was shown by detailed spectral studies and molecular orbital calculations to have a D3 symmetry with conformationally identical linkers and a spherical topology. In sharp contrast, the (1,3,5) cyclophane 2 from the rarely studied lanthionine di-Me [H2N-CH(COOMe)-CH2-S-CH2-CH(COOMe)-NH 2], showed only a equatorial twofold symmetry. This work highlights the special properties of the -S-S- bridge in cystine, which makes it an exceptional synthon in nature and organic synthesis.
