- Process for the preparation of danazol
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The invention discloses preparation methods of danazol and an intermediate thereof. The preparation method of danazol is prepared by the steps of taking androstenedione as a starting raw material, and carrying out 3-site enol etherification, 17-site carbonyl ethinylation, 3-site hydrolysis, 2-site methylidynel hydroxylation and oximation to obtain danazol. The 3-site enol etherification comprises firstly carrying out a reaction of androstenedione and triethyl orthoformate for 4-10 h in the presence of absolute ethyl alcohol and p-toluenesulfonic acid and at the temperature of 30-50 DEG C, then adding triethylamine at the temperature of 0-10 DEG C, and continuing to carry out a reaction for 0.2-1 h; the 17-site carbonyl ethinylation comprises firstly carrying out a reaction of a potassium hydroxide powder for 1-2 h in an acetylene airflow and at the temperature of 5-10 DEG C, and then carrying out a reaction with the 3-site enol etherified product for 2-4 h in the presence of tetrahydrofuran and a catalyst, at the temperature of 15-30 DEG C and in the acetylene airflow. The 3-site enol etherification is mild in reaction conditions and relatively high in yield, and the 17-site carbonyl ethynylation is relatively high in reaction yield and relatively short in time.
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Paragraph 0013; 0014; 0022; 0023
(2019/02/04)
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- Methods for predicting the response to statins
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The invention provides methods for optimizing therapeutic efficacy for treating hypercholesterolemia in a subject having a cardiovascular disease (CVD), comprising (a) determining subject characteristics that affect the likelihood of reaching a goal level of low density lipoprotein (LDL); and (b) obtaining success probabilities of a variety of statin treatments for reaching said goal level of LDL using said subject characteristics and a multivariate model; and (c) administrating the optimal statin treatment with the highest success probability of step (b) to said subject thereby optimizing therapeutic efficacy for treating hypercholesterolemia in said subject.
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- Process for preparing pregn-20-yne compounds and novel product produced thereby
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A process for preparing 17β-hydroxysteroido[2,3-d]isoxazoles substituted at the 17α-position by an ethynyl or substituted ethynyl group comprising reacting a 17-oxosteroido[2,3-d]isoxazole with the appropriate ethynylmagnesium halide, substituted ethynylmagnesium halide, monolithium acetylide or substituted monolithium acetylide. The process affords a novel compound, 21-trifluoromethyl-17α-pregn-4-en-20-yno[2,3-d]isoxazol-17-ol, which has estrogenic activity.
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