- Solid-state construction of zigzag periphery: Via intramolecular C-H insertion induced by alumina-mediated C-F activation
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Caryl-F bond activation has become an important and quickly developing method for construction of carbon-based materials. We report that alumina-mediated C-F bond activation (AmCFA) enables construction of PAHs with zigzag periphery. This method includes
- Akhmetov, Vladimir,Amsharov, Konstantin,F?rtsch, Andreas,Feofanov, Mikhail
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supporting information
p. 12325 - 12328
(2021/11/30)
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- Planarity of terphenyl rings possessing: O -carborane cages: Turning on intramolecular-charge-transfer-based emission
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To clarify the relationship between planarity and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), two o-carboranyl compounds (TCB and FCB) containing different ortho-type terphenyl rings, namely, perfectly distorted or planar phenyl rings, were synthesised and fully characterised. Although the emission spectra of both compounds presented intriguing dual-emission patterns in solution at 298 or 77 K and in the film state, distorted TCB mostly showed locally excited emission, whereas planar FCB demonstrated intense emission corresponding to an ICT transition. Interestingly, the emission efficiencies and radiative decay constants of terphenyl-based o-carboranyl compounds were gradually enhanced by increasing the planarity of the terphenyl groups. These results verify the existence of a strong relationship between the planarity of appended aryl groups and ICT-based radiative decay in o-carborane-substituted compounds.
- So, Hyunhee,Kim, Jea Ho,Lee, Ji Hye,Hwang, Hyonseok,An, Duk Keun,Lee, Kang Mun
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p. 14518 - 14521
(2019/12/09)
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- Fluorenofluorene-containing compound and organic electroluminescence device thereof
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The invention provides a fluorenofluorene-containing compound and an organic electroluminescence device thereof and relates to the technical field of organic photoelectric materials. A fluorene-fluorene main body is connected with arylamine and a substituted or non-substituted fused imidazole derivative to obtain the fluorenofluorene-containing compound. The compound is a bipolar transmission material, is favorable for compounding holes and electrons in a luminescent layer, has good stability and luminescent efficiency, is simple in synthesis and easy to operate, can be applied to the organicelectroluminescence device to serve as a doping material of the luminescent layer, and can effectively solve the problems of low luminescent efficiency and short service life of a blue luminescent material in the organic electroluminescence device. The organic electroluminescence device provided by the invention has the advantages of high luminescent efficiency and long service life.
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Paragraph 0072; 0074
(2018/10/19)
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- Fluorenofluorene derivative and organic light-emitting device prepared by same
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The invention provides a fluorenofluorene derivative and an organic light-emitting device prepared by the same and relates to the technical field of organic photoelectric materials. The fluorenofluorene derivative and the organic light-emitting device prepared by the same have the advantages that the fluorenofluorene derivative is prepared by connecting a substituted or unsubstituted condensed imidazole derivative to a fluorenofluorene host, the prepared fluorenofluorene derivative has certain electron transport ability, the composition of holes and electrons on a light-emitting layer is benefited, and the fluorenofluorene derivative is good in stability and luminous efficiency, simple to synthesize, easy in synthesizing operation, capable of being used in the organic light-emitting deviceto serve as the light-emitting layer doping material and capable of effectively solving the problems that the blue light-emitting material in the organic light-emitting device is low in luminous efficiency and short in service life; the organic light-emitting device is high in luminous efficiency and long in service life.
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Paragraph 0057; 0058; 0060
(2018/10/19)
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- Fluoreno-fluorene derivative and organic light-emitting device thereof
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The invention provides a fluoreno-fluorene derivative and an organic light-emitting device thereof and relates to the technical field of organic photoelectric materials. The fluoreno-fluorene derivative is obtained through connecting substituted or unsubstituted condensed imidazole and condensed oxazole groups onto a fluoreno-fluorene main body; the fluoreno-fluorene derivative has a certain electron transmission capability; the compounding of holes and electrons on a light-emitting layer is facilitated; the fluoreno-fluorene derivative has good stability and light-emitting efficiency and thesynthesis is simple and easy to operate; the fluoreno-fluorene derivative can be applied to the organic light-emitting device and is used as a light-emitting layer doping material; the problems that ablue light-emitting material in the organic light-emitting device has low light-emitting efficiency and short service life can be effectively solved; the organic light-emitting device thereof has theadvantages of high light-emitting efficiency and long service life.
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Paragraph 0063; 0066
(2018/11/22)
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- A containing [...] compound and its organic light-emitting device (by machine translation)
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The present invention provides a containing [...] compound and its organic light-emitting device, relates to organic photoelectric material technical field. The invention through [...] fluorene main body connected with the aromatic amine, substituted or not substituted fused imidazole, fused oxazole derivative to obtain a containing [...] compound, is a dual polarity transmission material, holes and electrons in the luminescent layer is of composite, has good stability and light-emitting efficiency, it is simple and easy to operate, and can be applied to organic light-emitting device as the dopant material in the luminescent layer, the organic light-emitting device can effectively solve the blue light-emitting material in the light emitting efficiency is low, the problem of short service life, its organic light emitting device having high luminous efficiency, long service life. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0076; 0077; 0079
(2018/11/27)
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- A and wu compound and its organic electroluminescent device (by machine translation)
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The present invention provides a and wu compound and its organic electroluminescent light emitting device, which belongs to the technical field of organic photoelectric material. The compounds have the formula (I) as shown in the structure, in the invention of larger and fluorene compound has the structure of the conjugated plane, thus can provide high electronic mobility; introducing electron deficient group purine structure, is more beneficial to accept electronic, make it have good transmission performance; the introduction of bridge connecting structure, on the one hand can increase the molecular weight of the compounds, the resulting material has a high glass transition temperature and can prevent crystallization of the effect, on the other hand such that the three-dimensional structure of the compounds in the space have a certain distortion of the, improve membranaceous forming. The compound as the main material in the luminescent layer is made of the use of the organic electroluminescent device, demonstrate the low driving voltage, advantages of high luminous efficiency, excellent performance of the organic light-emitting material. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0074; 0075; 0076
(2018/10/19)
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- A and wu compound and its organic electroluminescent device (by machine translation)
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The present invention provides a and wu compound and its organic electroluminescent light emitting device, which belongs to the technical field of organic photoelectric material. The compounds have the formula (I) as shown in the structure, in the invention of larger and fluorene compound has the structure of the conjugated plane, thus can provide high electronic mobility; introducing electron deficient group indoles, azaindoles structure, is more beneficial to accept electronic, make it have good transmission performance; the introduction of bridge connecting structure, on the one hand can increase the molecular weight of the compounds, the resulting material has a high glass transition temperature and can prevent crystallization of the, on the other hand such that the three-dimensional structure of the compounds in the space on the distorted, improve membranaceous forming. The compound as the main material in the luminescent layer is made of the use of the organic electroluminescent device, demonstrate the low driving voltage, advantages of high luminous efficiency, excellent performance of the organic light-emitting material. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0077-0081
(2018/10/19)
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- Polyfluorene derivative and organic light-emitting device thereof
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The invention provides a polyfluorene derivative and an organic light-emitting device thereof, and belongs to the technical field of organic photoelectric materials. The derivative has a structure shown as a formula (I). The polyfluorene derivative disclosed by the invention has a larger conjugate plane structure, so that high electron fluidity can be provided; electron-deficient group dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, acridine, phenoxazine and phenothiazine structures are introduced to better facilitate the acception of electrons and enable the polyfluorene derivative to have good transmissionperformance; by introducing a bridged structure, on the one hand, the molecular weight of the compound can be enlarged, and the obtained material is enabled to have high glass transition temperature and prevent the crystallization effect; on the other hand, the derivatives are enabled to have certain distortion in three-dimensional stereoscopic structure, and the film-forming property of the derivative is improved. The organic light-emitting device, which is prepared by using the compound as a main body material in a luminescent layer, shows the advantages of low driving voltage and high luminous efficiency; the polyfluorene derivative is an organic luminescent material with excellent performance.
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Paragraph 0085-0089
(2018/10/19)
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- Difluorene compound and organic electroluminescence device containing same
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The invention provides a difluorene compound and an organic electroluminescence device containing the same, and belongs to the technical field of organic optoelectronic materials. The compound is of the structure as shown in the formula (I), and the difluorene compound has a larger conjugate plane structure, so that the electron mobility is high; electron-deficient groups of pyridine, pyrimidine and triazine structures are introduced, which is more beneficial to electron accepting, thus the difluorene compound has good transmission performance; a bridged linkage structure is introduced, on onehand, the molecular weight of the compound can be increased to make a obtained material has high glass-transition temperature and prevent the crystallization effect, and on the other hand, the type of derivatives have certain distortion on the spatial three-dimensional structures to improve the film-forming property of the derivatives. The organic electroluminescence device prepared by using thecompound as a main body material of a luminescence layer has the advantages of being low in driving voltage and high in luminescence efficiency and is an organic luminescence material with excellent performance.
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Paragraph 0079-0083
(2018/11/22)
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- Difluorene derivative and organic electroluminescence device containing same
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The invention provides a difluorene derivative and an organic electroluminescence device containing the same, and belongs to the technical field of organic optoelectronic materials. The compound is ofthe structure as shown in the formula (I), and the difluorene derivative has a larger conjugate plane structure, so that the electron mobility is high; electron-deficient groups of quinoline and quinazoline structures are introduced, which is more beneficial to electron accepting, thus the difluorene derivative has good transmission performance; a bridged linkage structure is introduced, on one hand, the molecular weight of the compound can be increased to make a obtained material has high glass-transition temperature and prevent the crystallization effect, and on the other hand, the type ofderivatives have certain distortion on the spatial three-dimensional structures to improve the film-forming property of the derivatives. The organic electroluminescence device prepared by using the compound as a main body material of a luminescence layer has the advantages of being low in driving voltage and high in luminescence efficiency and is an organic luminescence material with excellent performance.
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Paragraph 0075-0079
(2018/11/22)
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- Molecular packing and morphological stability of dihydro-indeno[1,2-: B] fluorenes in the context of their substitution pattern
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The synthesis of a series of dihydroindeno[1,2-b]fluorene (IF) derivatives with various side chain substituents is reported, these have been investigated by single-crystal X-ray analysis in terms of their molecular packings and the thermal stability of these morphologies observed by DSC measurements. It is shown that symmetrically substituted IFs bearing longer linear aliphatic side chains tend to crystallize in thermolabile coplanar layers, in which the aliphatic and dihydroindeno[1,2-b]fluorene core segments are spatially segregated. In contrast to that, the attachment of aryl side chains to the dihydroindenofluorene core results in a stabilization of the cofacial morphology, which can be observed by the absence of thermal phase transitions. In addition to this, asymmetrically substituted derivatives, so called "mixed indenofluorenes" (MIFs), bearing pairwise linear aliphatic side chains of variable length, as well as aryl substituents have been synthesized. These derivatives tend to exhibit thermostable morphologies with an enhanced tendency to form edge-to-face contacts of the dihydroindenofluorene structures.
- Hempe,Reggelin
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p. 47183 - 47189
(2017/10/19)
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- Two-photon fluorescent dye based on 4-cyanophenyl substituted BODIPY and diphenylaminoindenofluorene and synthetic method thereof
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The invention provides a two-photon fluorescent dye based on 4-cyanophenyl substituted BODIPY and diphenylaminoindenofluorene and a synthetic method thereof. A general structural formula of the two-photon fluorescent dye is shown in the specification, wherein R is C1-C18 alkyl. The synthetic method comprises the following steps: (1) generating 2,6-iodized BODIPY by using 2,4-dimethyl pyrrole and 4-cyanobenzaldehyde as raw materials; (2) carrying out reduction, alkylation, bromination, Pd(0) catalytic amination and Pd(0) on indenofluorene diketone as raw material and carrying out cross coupling reaction on indenofluorene diketone and CuI catalyzed Sonogashira, thus generating a diphenylamine-indenofluorene-acetylene compound; (3) reacting the two products, thus obtaining the two-photon fluorescent dye. The dye has stronger two-photon fluorescence properties, has maximum two-photon absorption cross section of 984 GM and fluorescence quantum yield of 0.22 in methylbenzene and provides a new design idea for synthesis and application of the two-photon fluorescent dye based on BODIPY.
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Paragraph 0017
(2017/08/28)
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- Two-photon fluorescent dye based on phenyl-substituted boron-dipyrromethene and diphenyl indenofluorene and synthetic method thereof
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The invention discloses two-photon fluorescent dye based on phenyl-substituted boron-dipyrromethene and diphenyl indenofluorene; the two-photon fluorescent dye has a structural general formula shown in the description, wherein R is C1-C18 alkyl; the synthetic steps include: using 2,4-dimethylpyrrole and benzaldehyde as raw materials to generate 5-phenyl-substituted and 2,6-iodide boron-dipyrromethene; reducing indenofluorene dione, alkylating, brominating, carrying out Pd(0) catalytic amination, carrying out Pd(0) and CuI catalyzed Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction, and removing trimethylsilyl to generate diphenylamine-indenofluorene-ethynyl compound; enabling the 2,6-iodide boron-dipyrromethene to react with the diphenylamine-indenofluorene-ethynyl compound to obtain the two-photon fluorescent dye; the two-photon fluorescent dye has high two-photon fluorescence, maximum two-photon absorption section in toluene reaches 776 GM, fluorescent quantum yield reaches 0.46, and a new idea to synthesize and apply two-photon fluorescent dyes based on boron-dipyrromethene is provided.
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-
Paragraph 0019; 0021
(2017/08/28)
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- Two-photon fluorescent dye based on 4-methoxyphenyl-substituted boron-dipyrromethene and diphenylaminoindenofluorene and its synthesis method
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The invention discloses a two-photon fluorescent dye based on 4-methoxyphenyl-substituted boron-dipyrromethene and diphenylaminoindenofluorene and its synthesis method. The two-photon fluorescent dye has a general structural formula shown in the description. In the formula, R represents a C1-C18 alkyl group. The synthesis method comprises that 1) 2, 4-dimethylpyrrole and 4-methoxybenzaldehyde as raw materials undergo a reaction to produce 2, 6-bit iodinated boron-dipyrromethene, 2) indenofluorene dione as a raw material is reduced, the reduced product undergoes an alkylation reaction, the product undergoes a bromination reaction, the product undergoes a Pd(0) catalytic amination reaction, and the product undergoes a Pd(0) and CuI catalytic Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction to produce a diphenylamino-indenofluorene-acetylene compound, 3) the two products obtained by the steps 1 and 2 undergo a reaction to produce the two-photon fluorescent dye. The dye has strong two-photon fluorescence performances. In toluene, the two-photon fluorescent dye has the maximum two-photon absorption cross section of 757 GM and a fluorescence quantum yield of 0.49. The two-photon fluorescent dye provides a novel design idea for synthesis and application of the boron-dipyrromethene-based two-photon fluorescent dye.
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Paragraph 0006; 0017
(2017/08/28)
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- Palladium-Catalyzed Reaction of Haloarenes with Diarylethynes: Synthesis, Structural Analysis, and Properties of Methylene-Bridged Arenes
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Fluorenes and methylene-bridged polyarenes were easily and efficiently synthesized from haloarenes (or aryl triflates) and diarylethynes by a one-pot, two-step procedure. This protocol involves the palladium-catalyzed cycloisomerization and a subsequent base-mediated retro-aldol condensation. A major advantage is that the starting materials need not have ortho functional groups to complete the annulation. The backbone of the designed products was enlarged using dihaloarenes, highly π-conjugated haloarenes, or diarylalkynes. The mechanism of the formation of benzo[a]fluorene was investigated. The bowl-shaped structure of methylene-bridged indenocorannulene was verified by X-ray crystallography. The photophysical and electrochemical properties of the products thus prepared were investigated.
- Lee, Che-Wei,Liu, En-Chih,Wu, Yao-Ting
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p. 10446 - 10456
(2015/11/18)
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- Gold(I) carbenes by retro-buchner reaction: Generation and fate
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The fate of the aryl gold(I) carbenes generated by retro-Buchner reaction of ortho-substituted 7-aryl-1,3,5-cycloheptatrienes is dependent on the constitution of the ortho substituent. Indenes and fluorenes are obtained by intramolecular reaction of highly electrophilic gold(I) carbenes with alkenes and arenes. According to density functional theory calculations, the gold-catalyzed retro-Buchner process occurs stepwise, although the two carbon-carbon cleavages occur on a rather flat potential energy surface.
- Wang, Yahui,McGonigal, Paul R.,Herle, Bart,Besora, Maria,Echavarren, Antonio M.
-
supporting information
p. 801 - 809
(2014/02/14)
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- ELECTROLUMINESCENT COMPOUNDS WITH HIGH EFFICIENCY AND ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE USING THE SAME
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The present invention relates to novel organic electroluminescent compounds and an organic light-emitting diode comprising the same. The organic electroluminescent compounds according to the present invention exhibit high luminous efficiency and excellent life property as a material, so that an OLED device having very good operation life can be prepared therefrom.
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- Nitrogenous heterocyclic derivative and organic electroluminescence device making use of the same
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A novel nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound having a specific structure and an organic electroluminescence device comprising an anode, a cathode and an organic thin film layer which comprises a single layer or a plurality of layers comprising at least a light emitting layer and is disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein at least one layer in the organic thin film layer comprises the above nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative singly or as a component of a mixture. The organic electroluminescence device exhibits a great luminance of emitted light and a great efficiency of light emission even under application of a low voltage.
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-
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- Synthesis of methylene-bridge polyarenes through palladium-catalyzed activation of benzylic carbon-hydrogen bond
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In the presence of palladium(II) acetate [Pd(OAc)2] and an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand, fluorene derivatives can be generated in good to excellent yields from 2-halo-2′-methylbiaryls through the benzylic C-H bond activation (14 examples; 81-97% yields). The scope and limitations of this protocol have been examined. A wide range of functional groups, such as alkyl, alkoxy, ester, nitrile, and others, is able to tolerate the reaction conditions herein. The cyclization of an isotope-labelled biphenyl gave the corresponding product with a primary kinetic isotope effect (k H/kD=4.8:1), which indicates that the rate-determining step of this reaction is the activation of the benzylic C-H bond. Moreover, indenofluorenes were also accessed in excellent results from terphenyls (3 examples; 91-92% yields). The cascade reaction of 2,6-dichloro-2′- methylbiphenyl with diphenylacetylene produced 8,9-diphenyl-4H-cyclopenta[def] phenanthrene in 60% yield through the activation of an aryl and a benzylic C-H bond. Copyright
- Hsiao, Chien-Chi,Lin, Yi-Kuan,Liu, Chia-Ju,Wu, Tsun-Cheng,Wu, Yao-Ting
-
experimental part
p. 3267 - 3274
(2011/02/23)
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- Synthesis and two-photon properties of a multipolar chromophore containing indenofluorenyl units
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A new multipolar fluorophore derived from triphenylamine as the core with diphenylaminoindenofluorenyl moieties incorporated at the peripheral positions has been synthesized and experimentally shown to possess strong two-photon absorptivities in near-IR region and intense upconverted visible emission under the irradiation of femtosecond laser pulses.
- Lin, Tzu-Chau,Hsu, Cheng-Sheng,Hu, Chia-Ling,Chen, Yong-Fu,Huang, Wei-Je
-
supporting information; scheme or table
p. 182 - 185
(2009/04/19)
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- Dispirofluorene-indenofluorene derivatives as new building blocks for blue organic electroluminescent devices and electroactive polymers
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A series of new dispiro[fluorenc-9′,6.9″.12-indeno[1,2b] fluorenes] (DSF-IFs) has been synthesised. These new building blocks for blue-light-emitting devices and electroactive polymers combine indenofluorene (IF) and spirobifluorene (SBF) properties. We report here our synthetic investigations towards these new structures and their thermal, structural, photophysical and electrochemical properties. These properties have been compared to those of IF and SBF. We also report the anodic oxidation of DSF-IFs that leads to the formation of non-soluble transparent three-dimensional polymers. The structural and electrochemical behaviour of these polymers has been studied. The first application of these building blocks as new blue-light-emitting materials in organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) is also reported.
- Poriel, Cyril,Liang, Jing-Jing,Rault-Berthelot, Joelle,Barriere, Frederic,Cocherel, Nicolas,Slawin, Alexandra M. Z.,Horhant, David,Virboul, Morgane,Alcaraz, Gilles,Audebrand, Nathalie,Vignau, Laurence,Huby, Nolwenn,Wantz, Guillaume,Hirsch, Lionel
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p. 10055 - 10069
(2008/09/18)
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- AROMATIC AMINE DERIVATIVE AND ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE DEVICE UTILIZING THE SAME
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Provided is a novel aromatic amine derivative with specified structure. Also provided is an organic electroluminescence device having one or more organic thin-film layers including at least a luminescent layer interposed between a cathod and an anode, in which at least one of the organic thin-film layers contains the above aromatic amine derivative alone or as a component of mixture. As a result, there is provided an organic electroluminescence device that has high emission luminance and high heat resistance, excelling in high-temperature storage ability and has long life, and provided an aromatic amine derivative for realizing the organic electroluminescence device.
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Page/Page column 19; 20
(2008/06/13)
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- AROMATIC AMINE DERIVATIVE AND ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE DEVICE UTILIZING THE SAME
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A novel aromatic amine derivative with specified structure. Further, there is provided an organic electroluminescence device having one or more organic thin-film layers including at least a luminescent layer interposed between a negative electrode and a positive electrode, wherein at least one of the organic thin-film layers contains the above aromatic amine derivative alone or as a component of mixture. As a result, there is provided an organic electroluminescence device that has high emission luminance and high heat resistance, excelling in high-temperature storability and has long life, and provided an aromatic amine derivative for realization of the organic electroluminescence device.
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Page/Page column 29; 30
(2008/06/13)
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- A general synthetic route to indenofluorene derivatives as new organic semiconductors
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(Chemical Equation Presented) A series of 2,6-disubstituted indenofluorene derivatives were obtained in high purity via a general route involving the Suzuki coupling reaction. The potential of these conjugated indenofluorenes as new organic semiconductors was demonstrated by the light-emitting diode reaching a high luminance of 1400 Cd/m2 below 10 V.
- Hadizad, Tayebeh,Zhang, Jidong,Zhi, Yuan Wang,Gorjanc, Timothy C.,Py, Christophe
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p. 795 - 797
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis and characterization of highly fluorescent indenofluorenes
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(matrix presented) Described here are the synthesis and optical and electrochemical properties of a series of indenofluorenes as new building blocks for electronic and optoelectronic materials.
- Merlet, Samuel,Birau, Maria,Wang, Zhi Yuan
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p. 2157 - 2159
(2007/10/03)
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- The Synthesis of Bridged Oligophenylenes from Fluorene 1. Terphenyls and Quaterphenyls
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Improved methods are presented for the alkylation of fluorene (2) to 9,9- dialkylfluorenes (3-6) free from 9-monoalkylfluorenes.Mono- and dihalogenated derivatives of 2-6 are reported as are a variety of ring substituted 9,9-dialkylfluorenes.Halogenated 9,9-dialkylfluorenes and aryl or methyl Grignard reagents were cross-coupled in Pd-catalyzed reactions to generate a series of novel p-oligophenylenes (four terphenyls (26, 27, 29 and 31c) and nineteen quterphenyls (33-6, 64-71 and 73-79)) each possessing one or two dialkylated methylene bridges between aromatic rings.Each bridged oligophneylene showed enhanced solubility, high quantum efficiency and photochemical stability.A number of quaterphenyls incorporated substituents which extended the conjugation of the oligophenylene chromophore.
- Kelley, Charles J.,Ghiorghis, Alem,Kauffman, Joel M.
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p. 2701 - 2733
(2007/10/03)
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- A New General Synthesis of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds Based on Enamine Chemistry
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Alkylation of enamines and enamine salts by benzylic and (β-haloethyl)aryl halides, respectively, followed by acidic cyclodehydration and dehydrogenation provides an efficient synthetic approach to a wide range of polycyclic aromatic compounds of diverse structural types.Specific polycyclic hydrocarbons synthesized by this route include benzo- and benzofluorene, 7H-dibenzo-, 13H-dibenzo-, and 13H-dibenzofluorene, 15H-tribenzofluorene, dibenzochrysene, benzopentaphene, indenofluorene, fluorenofluorene, octahydrodibenzanthracene, dibenzanthracene, octahydrodibenzanthracene, dibenzanthracene, picene, benzopicene, 1H-benzaceanthrylene, and 4H-cyclopentachrysene.This method with appropriate modifications appears to be potentially broader in scope than established traditional methods of polycyclic hydrocarbon synthesis.
- Harvey, Ronald G.,Pataki, John,Cortez, Cecilia,Raddo, Pasquale Di,Yang, ChengXi
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p. 1210 - 1217
(2007/10/02)
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