104-28-9 Usage
Description
Cinoxate, also known as 2-hydroxy-p-methoxycinnamate, is an organic compound that serves as an ingredient in sunscreens. It is an ester formed from methoxycinnamic acid and 2-ethoxyethanol, characterized by its slightly yellow, viscous liquid appearance. Cinoxate is insoluble in water but miscible with alcohols, esters, and vegetable oils.
Uses
Used in Sunscreen Industry:
Cinoxate is used as a UV filter for its ability to absorb both UV-A and UV-B rays, providing protection against the harmful effects of the sun on the skin. It is an FDA-approved sunscreen chemical with an approved usage level of 1 to 3 percent. However, studies indicate that cinoxate may cause photosensitivity in some individuals.
Air & Water Reactions
Insoluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
cinoxate may hydrolyze under acidic or alkaline conditions.
Fire Hazard
cinoxate is probably combustible.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 104-28-9 includes 6 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 3 digits, 1,0 and 4 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 2 and 8 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 104-28:
(5*1)+(4*0)+(3*4)+(2*2)+(1*8)=29
29 % 10 = 9
So 104-28-9 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C14H18O4/c1-3-17-10-11-18-14(15)9-6-12-4-7-13(16-2)8-5-12/h4-9H,3,10-11H2,1-2H3
104-28-9Relevant articles and documents
Carboxylic Acid Reductase Can Catalyze Ester Synthesis in Aqueous Environments
Pongpamorn, Pornkanok,Kiattisewee, Cholpisit,Kittipanukul, Narongyot,Jaroensuk, Juthamas,Trisrivirat, Duangthip,Maenpuen, Somchart,Chaiyen, Pimchai
supporting information, p. 5749 - 5753 (2021/02/01)
Most of the well-known enzymes catalyzing esterification require the minimization of water or activated substrates for activity. This work reports a new reaction catalyzed by carboxylic acid reductase (CAR), an enzyme known to transform a broad spectrum of carboxylic acids into aldehydes, with the use of ATP, Mg2+, and NADPH as co-substrates. When NADPH was replaced by a nucleophilic alcohol, CAR from Mycobacterium marinum can catalyze esterification under aqueous conditions at room temperature. Addition of imidazole, especially at pH 10.0, significantly enhanced ester production. In comparison to other esterification enzymes such as acyltransferase and lipase, CAR gave higher esterification yields in direct esterification under aqueous conditions. The scalability of CAR catalyzed esterification was demonstrated for the synthesis of cinoxate, an active ingredient in sunscreen. The CAR esterification offers a new method for green esterification under high water content conditions.