3603-99-4Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis of bridged nicotinates having [n](2,5)pyridinophane skeletons (n=8-14)
Kanomata, Nobuhiro,Yamada, Shinsuke,Ohhama, Takayuki,Fusano, Akira,Ochiai, Yoshiharu,Oikawa, Jun,Yamaguchi, Masahiro,Sudo, Fumio
, p. 4128 - 4138 (2006)
Synthesis of various bridged nicotinates 6 having [n](2,5)pyridinophane skeletons (n=8-14) was accomplished by the unique pyridine-formation reaction of methyl propiolate with a series of formyl-substituted (vinylimino)phosphoranes 5, which were prepared from the corresponding cycloalkanones 1 via Vilsmeier-Haack formylation giving chloro-substituted cycloalkenals 2, their thermal and photochemical transformation to formyl azirines 4, and the following ring-opening reactions with triphenylphosphine. The HPLC analysis of [11](2,5)pyridinophane derivatives, (Sp,S)-14 and (Rp,S)-14, showed that these diastereomers rapidly epimerize themselves at room temperature and that their planar-chirality was thermodynamically less stable as compared to the corresponding [11](2,5)cyclophane systems.
Exaltone (=Cyclopentadecanone) from Isomuscone (=Cyclohexadecanone), a one-C-atom ring-contraction methodology via a stereospecific favorskii rearrangement: Regioselective application to (-)-(R)-muscone
Chapuis, Christian,Robvieux, Fabrice,Cantatore, Carole,Saint-Leger, Christine,Maggi, Laurent
, p. 428 - 447 (2012/05/07)
Treatment of cyclohexadecanone (1g; with I2 (2.2 mol-euqiv.) and KOH in MeOH) furnished the unsaturated (Z)-ester 2g in 83% yield, via a stereospecific Favorskii rearrangement (Scheme 1). Further treatment with 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (m-CPBA) afforded the unreported epoxy ester 3g (88% yield), which was cleaved in 33% yield to Exaltone (=cyclopentadecanone; 1f) with NaOH in MeOH/H2O and then HCl at 65°. This methodology was similarly extended to higher (C17) and lower (C15 to C11) cyclic ketone analogues, as well as regioselectively to (-)-(R)-muscone (5c) and homomuscone (5f) (Scheme 2). Olfactive properties of the corresponding macrocyclic 1-oxaspiro[2,n]alkanes and -alkenes 4 and 8, resulting from a Coreyi-Chaykovsky oxiranylation, are also presented. Copyright
A novel, short and repeatable two-carbon ring expansion reaction by thermo-isomerization: Easy synthesis of macrocyclic ketones
Nagel, Matthias,Hansen, Hans-Ju?rgen,Fra?ter, Georg
, p. 275 - 279 (2007/10/03)
A novel two-carbon ring enlargement procedure, in which medium- and large-ring 1-vinylcycloalkanols are thermoisomerized in a flow reactor system at temperatures of 600°C to about 650°C, produces the isomeric ring-expanded cycloalkanones directly and efficiently. This two-step ring expansion protocol can easily be applied several times successively. For e.g., the musk odorant cyclopentadecanone (Exaltone?) is prepared from cycloundecanone in two repetitive cycles. Thermo-isomerization of the corresponding ethynylic cycloalkanols gives in moderate yields the bishomologous α,β-unsaturated macrocyclic (E)-2-cycloalkenones. A reaction mechanism via alkyl hydroxyallyl biradical intermediates is proposed.