80-12-6 Usage
Description
2,6-Dithia-1,3,5,7-tetraazatricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decane, 2,2,6,6-tetraoxide, also known as Tetraethylenedisulfotetramine (TETS), is a highly toxic heteroadamantane rodenticide. It is an odorless, tasteless, white crystalline powder that is slightly soluble in water, dimethyl sulfoxide, and acetone. TETS was originally synthesized in 1933 as a resinous condensation product of sulfamide and formaldehyde and used commercially in pillows and upholstery as an impregnating stiffening and antimold agent.
Uses
Used in Pest Control Industry:
TETS is used as a rodenticide for controlling rodents due to its highly effective repellent properties. It was used during reforestation projects to prevent seed predation by rodents. However, due to its high toxicity in mammals, including humans, and its persistence in the environment, many countries banned its production and use in 1984. Despite the ban, TETS continues to be used illicitly as a rodenticide in various regions of the world, particularly in rural areas of China and regions with large Asian populations.
Used in Accidental Poisoning Cases:
TETS has been involved in numerous cases of accidental poisoning, both in humans and animals. For example, in 2003, the first case of TETS intoxication in the United States was reported when a 15-month-old girl was poisoned after accidentally ingesting a rodenticide imported from China that contained TETS.
Used in Intentional Poisoning Cases:
There have been numerous reports of TETS being used to intentionally poison humans. This highly toxic substance has caused thousands of cases of poisoning and hundreds of deaths, particularly in China, where it was found in nearly 50% of commercial rodenticides containing illegal chemicals.
Environmental Fate
Although TETS has a relatively low solubility in water
(0.25 mg kg-1), it is quite stable, thus making it relatively
persistent in the environment. It is reported that TETS retains
biological activity in water for 6 weeks to 5 months after preparation.
It is believed that TETS bioaccumulates (despite a predicted
octanol:water coefficient of 0.07) and that contact with
poisoned animals can result in intoxication, as demonstrated by
reports of dogs dying after eating TETS-poisoned rats and by
Chinese newspapers warning against consuming meat from
dogs that were suspected to have eaten TETS-poisoned rats.
Toxicity evaluation
TETS is a potent convulsant neurotoxicant. TETS has no major
effects on peripheral neuromuscular or autonomic transmission
and its toxicity appears to be due primarily to actions
on the central nervous system. Postmortem studies of TETSpoisoned
patients revealed significant pathology in the brain,
including degeneration in the basal ganglia, subarachnoid
hemorrhages, cerebral and cerebellar bleeding, and brainstem
hemorrhages. In cases of extreme intoxication, edema,
congestion, and hemorrhages are commonly found in not only
the brain but also the heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys. Markers
of severe tissue damage (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine
aminotransferase, creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase,
a-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, and creatine phosphokinase
isoenzyme MB) are also higher in patients who
succumbed to TETS poisoning compared to patients who
survived. Additional consequences of TETS intoxication
include low potassium levels (hypokalemia), low phosphorus
levels (hypophosphatemia), abnormal sodium levels (hypo- or
hypernatremia), metabolic acidosis, circulatory hypoxia, and
renal tubular damage as demonstrated by elevated levels of Nacetyl-
b-D-glucosaminidase and retinol-binding protein.
Collectively, these findings are consistent with reports that
death following acute TETS intoxication is primarily due to
multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.
It is generally believed that the convulsant action of TETS is
mediated by noncompetitive reversible antagonism of the
GABAA receptor chloride channel. TETS blocks g-aminobutyric
acid (GABA)-dependent chloride influx in diverse
experimental preparations and inhibits the binding of [35S]
TBPS to GABAA receptors. GABAA receptors are composed of
different subunits (α1–α6, β1–β4, γ1–γ3, δ, ξ, π, and ρ1–ρ3),
and require at least one α, β, and γ subunit to be fully functional.
TETS is active on native GABAA receptors and
recombinantα1β3γ2 receptors, but has no effect on
recombinant receptors composed entirely of β3 subunits.
Picrotoxin, which similarly induces convulsions via GABA
receptor antagonism, is much more selective for the β3
receptor compared to native receptors and the recombinant
α1β3γ2 hetero-oligomer.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 80-12-6 includes 5 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 2 digits, 8 and 0 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 1 and 2 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 80-12:
(4*8)+(3*0)+(2*1)+(1*2)=36
36 % 10 = 6
So 80-12-6 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C4H8N4O4S2/c9-13(10)5-1-6-3-8(13)4-7(2-5)14(6,11)12/h1-4H2
