- Remarkably Efficient Iridium Catalysts for Directed C(sp2)-H and C(sp3)-H Borylation of Diverse Classes of Substrates
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Here we describe the discovery of a new class of C-H borylation catalysts and their use for regioselective C-H borylation of aromatic, heteroaromatic, and aliphatic systems. The new catalysts have Ir-C(thienyl) or Ir-C(furyl) anionic ligands instead of the diamine-type neutral chelating ligands used in the standard C-H borylation conditions. It is reported that the employment of these newly discovered catalysts show excellent reactivity and ortho-selectivity for diverse classes of aromatic substrates with high isolated yields. Moreover, the catalysts proved to be efficient for a wide number of aliphatic substrates for selective C(sp3)-H bond borylations. Heterocyclic molecules are selectively borylated using the inherently elevated reactivity of the C-H bonds. A number of late-stage C-H functionalization have been described using the same catalysts. Furthermore, we show that one of the catalysts could be used even in open air for the C(sp2)-H and C(sp3)-H borylations enabling the method more general. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that the active catalytic intermediate is the Ir(bis)boryl complex, and the attached ligand acts as bidentate ligand. Collectively, this study underlines the discovery of new class of C-H borylation catalysts that should find wide application in the context of C-H functionalization chemistry.
- Chattopadhyay, Buddhadeb,Hassan, Mirja Md Mahamudul,Hoque, Md Emdadul
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supporting information
p. 5022 - 5037
(2021/05/04)
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- ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE DEVICE AND ORGANOMETALLIC COMPLEX FOR ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE DEVICE
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Provided is an organic electroluminescence device. The organic electroluminescence device according to an embodiment includes a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and a plurality of organic layers between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein at least one of the plurality of organic layers includes an organometallic complex including a metal atom which is a central atom, a plurality of ligand connected to the metal atom, and a nitrogen atom connecting two of the plurality of ligands. The nitrogen atom includes an aromatic ring group as a substituent. The aromatic ring group is not bonded to any of the plurality of ligands to form a ring, thereby allowing the organic electroluminescent device to exhibit a low drive voltage and improved life time.
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Paragraph 0112-0113
(2021/02/05)
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- COMPOUND FOR ORGANIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT, ORGANIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT USING THE SAME, AND A ELECTRONIC DEVICE THEREOF
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In the present invention, provided is a novel compound capable of improving luminance efficiency, stability, and service life of an element, an organic electronic element using the same, and an electronic device thereof. By using the compound of the present invention, high luminance efficiency, low driving voltages, and high heat resistance of the element can be achieved, and color purity and service life of the element can be greatly improved.
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Paragraph 0103; 0106-0109
(2021/06/22)
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- Mechanochemical Solvent-Free Catalytic C?H Methylation
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The mechanochemical, solvent-free, highly regioselective, rhodium-catalyzed C?H methylation of (hetero)arenes is reported. The reaction shows excellent functional-group compatibility and is demonstrated to work for the late-stage C?H methylation of biologically active compounds. The method requires no external heating and benefits from considerably shorter reaction times than previous solution-based C?H methylation protocols. Additionally, the mechanochemical approach is shown to enable the efficient synthesis of organometallic complexes that are difficult to generate conventionally.
- Ni, Shengjun,Hribersek, Matic,Baddigam, Swarna K.,Ingner, Fredric J. L.,Orthaber, Andreas,Gates, Paul J.,Pilarski, Lukasz T.
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supporting information
p. 6660 - 6666
(2020/12/18)
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- Nickel-Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Nitriles for Accessing Diarylamines through C?CN Bond Activation
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A nickel-catalyzed amination to access diarylamines has been developed through C?CN bond activation of aryl nitriles with anilines. In this developed catalytic protocol, various aromatic and heteroaromatic nitriles could be utilized as the electrophiles to couple with substituted anilines. A diversity of diarylamines were obtained in 15–95% yields. (Figure presented.).
- Wu, Ke,Rong, Qiang,Sun, Nan,Hu, Baoxiang,Shen, Zhenlu,Jin, Liqun,Hu, Xinquan
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p. 4708 - 4713
(2021/08/27)
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- Copper anchored on phosphorus g-C3N4as a highly efficient photocatalyst for the synthesis ofN-arylpyridin-2-amines
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A heterogeneous photocatalyst based on copper modified phosphorus doped g-C3N4(Cu/P-CN) has been prepared and characterized. This recyclable catalyst exhibited high photocatalytic activity for the synthesis ofN-arylpyridin-2-amine derivatives by the reaction of 2-aminopyridine and aryl boronic acid at room temperature under the irradiation of blue light. Importantly, the range of substrates for this coupling reaction has been expanded to include aryl boronic acids with strong electron-withdrawing groups as viable raw materials. In addition, this heterogeneous catalyst can be used at least 6 times while maintaining its catalytic activity.
- Di, Jia-Qi,Zhang, Mo,Chen, Yu-Xuan,Wang, Jin-Xin,Geng, Shan-Shan,Tang, Jia-Qi,Zhang, Zhan-Hui
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p. 1041 - 1049
(2021/02/09)
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- Mediator-Enabled Electrocatalysis with Ligandless Copper for Anaerobic Chan-Lam Coupling Reactions
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Simple copper salts serve as catalysts to effect C-X bond-forming reactions in some of the most utilized transformations in synthesis, including the oxidative coupling of aryl boronic acids and amines. However, these Chan-Lam coupling reactions have historically relied on chemical oxidants that limit their applicability beyond small-scale synthesis. Despite the success of replacing strong chemical oxidants with electrochemistry for a variety of metal-catalyzed processes, electrooxidative reactions with ligandless copper catalysts are plagued by slow electron-transfer kinetics, irreversible copper plating, and competitive substrate oxidation. Herein, we report the implementation of substoichiometric quantities of redox mediators to address limitations to Cu-catalyzed electrosynthesis. Mechanistic studies reveal that mediators serve multiple roles by (i) rapidly oxidizing low-valent Cu intermediates, (ii) stripping Cu metal from the cathode to regenerate the catalyst and reveal the active Pt surface for proton reduction, and (iii) providing anodic overcharge protection to prevent substrate oxidation. This strategy is applied to Chan-Lam coupling of aryl-, heteroaryl-, and alkylamines with arylboronic acids in the absence of chemical oxidants. Couplings under these electrochemical conditions occur with higher yields and shorter reaction times than conventional reactions in air and provide complementary substrate reactivity.
- Walker, Benjamin R.,Manabe, Shuhei,Brusoe, Andrew T.,Sevov, Christo S.
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supporting information
p. 6257 - 6265
(2021/05/07)
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- Iridium(III)-Catalyzed Tandem Annulation of Pyridine-Substituted Anilines and α-Cl Ketones for Obtaining 2-Arylindoles
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A facile and expeditious protocol for the synthesis of 2-arylindole compounds from readily available N-(2-pyridyl)anilines and commercially available α-Cl ketones through iridium-catalyzed C-H activation and cyclization is reported here. As a complementary approach to the conventional strategies for indole synthesis, the transformation exhibits powerful reactivity, tolerates a large number of functional groups, and proceeds with good to excellent yields under mild conditions, providing a straightforward method to obtain structurally diverse and valuable indole scaffolds. Furthermore, the reaction could be easily scaled up to gram scale.
- Cui, Xin-Feng,Qiao, Xin,Wang, He-Song,Huang, Guo-Sheng
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p. 13517 - 13528
(2020/12/15)
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- Half-sandwich (η5-Cp?)Rh(iii) complexes of pyrazolated organo-sulfur/selenium/tellurium ligands: Efficient catalysts for base/solvent free C-N coupling of chloroarenes under aerobic conditions
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Three new pyrazolated chalcogenoether ligated Rh(iii) half-sandwich complexes (1-3) were synthesised by the thermal reaction of chalcogenoether (S, Se and Te) substituted 1H-pyrazole ligands (L1-L3) and [(η5-C5Me5)RhCl]2 in methanol. The complexes were fully characterised by various spectroscopic techniques, and the molecular structures of complexes 1 and2 were also established through single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis, which indicates a pseudo-octahedral half-sandwich piano-stool geometry around the rhodium metal. All three complexes were found to be thermally stable and insensitive towards air and moisture. One mol% of Rh(iii) complexes (1-3) along with 10 mol% of Cu(OAc)2 were explored for the Buchwald-Hartwig type C-N coupling reactions of amine and aryl chloride. Good to excellent yields (89-92%) of the coupling products were obtained with seleno- and thio-ether functionalised pyrazolated Rh(iii) complexes (1 and 2), while an average yield (39%) was obtained with the telluro-ether functionalised complex (3). In contrast to the previously reported C-N coupling reactions the present reaction works under solvent- and base-free conditions, and the coupling reaction is accomplished in just 6 h with a high yield of the coupling product. The present methodology was also found to be efficient for a wide variety of functionalised aryl halides, and aliphatic or aromatic amines (1° and 2°). Moreover, the reaction also enables the C-N coupling of electron-withdrawing substrates and base-sensitive functionalities.
- Joshi, Raj Kumar,Sharma, Charu,Sharma, Kamal Nayan,Srivastava, Avinash Kumar
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supporting information
p. 3599 - 3606
(2020/06/10)
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- Cp*Co(iii) and Cu(OAc)2bimetallic catalysis for Buchwald-type C-N cross coupling of aryl chlorides and amines under base, inert gas & solvent-free conditions
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A strategy involving bimetallic catalysis with a combination of Cp?Co(CO)I2 and Cu(OAc)2 was used for performing Buchwald-type C-N coupling reactions of aryl chlorides with amines. The reactions proceeded at 100 °C to produce excellent yields of many of the desired C-N coupled products, in 4 h, under aerobic reaction conditions. The reactions were shown to run under base-free and solvent-free conditions, enabling this strategy to work efficiently for electron-withdrawing and base-sensitive functionalities. The presented methodology was found to be equally efficient for electron-donating functionalities as well as for primary (1°) and secondary (2°) aromatic and aliphatic amines. Moreover, the products were easily separated through the extractions of the organic aqueous layer, with this process chromatographic separations is not required.
- Srivastava, Avinash K.,Sharma, Charu,Joshi, Raj K.
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supporting information
p. 8248 - 8253
(2020/12/29)
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- COMPOUND FOR ORGANIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT, ORGANIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT USING THE SAME, AND AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE THEREOF
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The present invention provides a novel compound capable of improving light emitting efficiency, stability, and lifespan of an element, an organic electronic element using same, and an electronic device for the same. In one aspect, the present invention provides a compound represented by the following chemical formula 1. The compounds according to the present invention by utilizing a light emitting device of high efficiency, low driving voltage, high heat resistance can be achieved, and the color purity of the device can greatly improve the service life.
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Paragraph 0105-0109; 0111; 0112-0113
(2020/06/23)
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- COMPOUND FOR ORGANIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT, ORGANIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT USING THE SAME, AND A ELECTRONIC DEVICE THEREOF
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The present invention provides a novel compound capable of improving luminance efficiency, stability, and service life of an element, an organic electronic element using the same, and an electronic device thereof. By using the compound of the present invention, high luminance efficiency, low driving voltage, and high heat resistance of the element can be achieved, and color purity and service life of the element can be greatly improved.
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Paragraph 0123; 0127-0131
(2020/06/24)
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- COMPOUND FOR ORGANIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT, ORGANIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT USING THE SAME, AND AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE THEREOF
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Discloses a novel compound capable of improving the luminous efficiency, stability and lifetime of an element, and an organic electronic element, or an electronic device using the same. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0115-0119; 0121-0123
(2020/06/24)
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- COMPOUND FOR AN ORGANIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT, ORGANIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT USING THE SAME, AND AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE THEREOF
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The present invention provides a novel compound capable of improving light emitting efficiency, stability, and lifespan of an element, an organic electronic element using same, and an electronic device for the same. In one aspect, the present invention provides a compound represented by combination of chemical formula 1 and chemical formula 2. The compounds according to the present invention by utilizing a light emitting device of high efficiency, low driving voltage, high heat resistance can be achieved, and the color purity of the device can greatly improve the service life.
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Paragraph 0115-0122; 0124
(2020/07/28)
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- Magnetic acyclovir-copper nanoparticle: DFT study and application as an efficient, magnetically separable and recyclable catalyst for N-arylation of amines under green condition
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A copper(I)‐acyclovir complex supported on magnetic was designed and successfully synthesized. Catalytic activity and stability of two structures of copper(I)‐acyclovir complex supported on magnetic were investigated by the theoretical method. The more active and stable copper(I)‐acyclovir complex supported on magnetic was applied as a catalyst for C–N cross‐coupling reaction with high yield in a deep eutectic solvent (DES) as a green solvent. Also, these nanoparticles could be easily recovered and reused for new rounds of reaction without any considerable loss in catalytic activity.
- Heydari, Akbar,Pazoki, Farzane
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- CuI/2-Aminopyridine 1-Oxide Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Chlorides with Aliphatic Amines
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A class of 2-aminopyridine 1-oxides are discovered to be effective ligands for the Cu-catalyzed amination of less reactive (hetero)aryl chlorides. A wide range of functionalized (hetero)aryl chlorides reacted with various aliphatic amines to afford the desired products in good to excellent yields under the catalyst of CuI/2-aminopyridine 1-oxides. Furthermore, the catalyst system worked well for the coupling of cyclic secondary amines and N-methyl benzylamine with (hetero)aryl chlorides.
- Chen, Xiahong,He, Yongqiang,Liang, Yun,Liu, Wenjie,Wang, Deping,Xia, Xiaohong,Xu, Jiamin,Xu, Zhifeng,Zhang, Fuxing,Zhang, Xin
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supporting information
p. 7486 - 7490
(2020/10/12)
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- One-pot synthesis of symmetrical and asymmetrical diphenylamines from guanidines with aryl iodide using Cu/Cu2O nanocatalyst
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This work reports the selective one-pot synthesis of symmetrical and asymmetrical amines from guanidines as ammonia surrogate. The use of guanidine as ammonia source will eliminate the need of handling liquid ammonia. The reaction was performed using Cu/Cu2O nanocatalyst under ligand-free condition. The synthesized catalyst was characterized by a various technique like XRD, FEG-SEM, HRTEM and XPS. The different diphenylamines are produced in good to very good yields. Recyclability study of catalyst shows that up to five cycles there is no significant loss in its activity.
- Chaurasia, Shivkumar R.,Bhanage
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- Nickel-Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Thioethers: A Combined Synthetic and Mechanistic Study
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Herein, we report a nickel-1,2-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ethane (dcype) complex for the catalytic Buchwald-Hartwig amination of aryl thioethers. The protocol shows broad applicability with a variety of different functional groups tolerated under the catalytic conditions. Extensive organometallic and kinetic studies support a nickel(0)-nickel(II) pathway for this transformation and revealed the oxidative addition complex as the resting state of the catalytic cycle. All the isolated intermediates have proven to be catalytically and kinetically competent catalysts for this transformation. The fleeting transmetalation intermediate has been successfully synthesized through an alternative synthetic organometallic pathway at lower temperature, allowing for in situ NMR study of the C-N bond reductive elimination step. This study addresses key factors governing the mechanism of the nickel-catalyzed Buchwald-Hartwig amination process, thus improving the understanding of this important class of reactions.
- Bismuto, Alessandro,Delcaillau, Tristan,Müller, Patrick,Morandi, Bill
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p. 4630 - 4639
(2020/05/19)
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- Copper(I)–creatine complex on magnetic nanoparticles as a green catalyst for N- and O-arylation in deep eutectic solvent
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Immobilization of copper(I) ions on magnetic nanoparticles was performed using surface modification of Fe3O4 with creatine. Fe3O4?creatine-Cu(I) magnetic catalyst was synthesized and applied in C&bond;X cross-coupling reactions with aryl halides in a deep eutectic as a green solvent. The results indicate the Fe3O4?creatine-Cu(I) magnetic nanoparticles showed excellent activity and high stability. In addition, it was revealed that this catalyst can be recycled five times without significant loss in catalytic activity.
- Bagheri, Sepideh,Heydari, Akbar,Pazoki, Farzane,Radfar, Iman
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- Synthesis and characterization of new square planar heteroleptic cationic complexes [Ni(ii) β-oxodithioester-dppe]+; Their use as a catalyst for Chan-Lam coupling
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Novel heteroleptic [Ni(ii) β-oxodithioester-dppe]+PF6- complexes (β-oxodithioester = methyl-3-hydroxy-3-benzyl-2-propenedithioate L1 1, methyl-3-hydroxy-3-(p-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenedithioate L2 2, methyl-3-hydroxy-3-(naphthyl)-2-propenedithioate L3 3, methyl-3-hydroxy-3-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-propenedithioate L4 4, methyl-3-hydroxy-3-(p-bromophenyl)-2-propenedithioate L5 5 and methyl-3-hydroxy-3-(p-cyanophenyl)-2-propenedithioate L6 6) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental (C, H, N) analysis, ESI-MS, IR, UV-visible, 1H, 13C{1H}, 31P{1H} and 19F{1H} NMR spectroscopy. The distorted square planar structures of the isomorphous cationic complexes 2, 3, 4 and 5 have been determined by X-ray crystallography. The catalytic activities of 1-6 were investigated for the Chan-Lam coupling reaction involving arylboronic acids and amines to afford N-arylated products in good to excellent yields under mild conditions with 1 mol% catalyst loading. This catalytic protocol offers significant functional group tolerance, and is endowed with a broad substrate scope. This journal is
- Kumari, Kavita,Kumar, Saurabh,Singh, Krishna Nand,Drew, Michael G. B.,Singh, Nanhai
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p. 12143 - 12153
(2020/07/30)
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- Copper complexes of 1,4-diazabutadiene ligands: Tuning of metal oxidation state and, application in catalytic C-C and C-N bond formation
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Reaction of 1,4-diazabutadiene (p-RC6H4N = C(H)(H)C = NC6H4R-p; R = OCH3, CH3, H and Cl; abbreviated as L-R) with CuCl2·2H2O in methanol at ambient temperature (25 °C) affords a group of doubly chloro-bridged dicopper complexes of type [{CuI(L-R)Cl}2], designated as 1-R. Similar reaction carried out in acetonitrile furnishes a family of doubly chloro-bridged dicopper complexes of type [{CuII(L-R)Cl2}2], designated as 2-R. Molecular structures of 1-OCH3 and 2-OCH3 have been determined by X-ray crystallography. While copper(I) is having a nearly tetrahedral N2Cl2 coordination sphere in 1-OCH3, the N2Cl3 coordination sphere around copper(II) is distorted square pyramidal in nature in 2-OCH3. Isolated 2-R complexes, on dissolution in methanol, are found to undergo facile reduction of the metal center to generate the corresponding 1-R complexes. The 1-R and 2-R complexes show intense absorptions in the visible and ultraviolet regions. Cyclic voltammetry on the 1-R and 2-R complexes shows both metal-centered and ligand centered redox responses. The 1-R complexes are found to efficiently catalyze C-N cross-coupling reactions between arylboronic acids and aryl amines; while the 2-R complexes display notable catalytic efficiency for nitroaldol reactions.
- Mukherjee, Aparajita,Basu, Semanti,Bhattacharya, Samaresh
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- Chan-Evans-Lam C?N Coupling Promoted by a Dinuclear Positively Charged Cu(II) Complex. Catalytic Performance and Some Evidence for the Mechanism of CEL Reaction Obviating Cu(III)/Cu(I) Catalytic Cycle
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In the present study, we report the synthesis of a series of copper(II) complexes with a wide range of ligands and their testing in the copper catalyzed Chan-Evans-Lam (CEL) coupling of aniline and phenylboronic acid. The efficiency of the coupling was directly connected with the ease of the reduction of Cu(II) to Cu(I) of the complexes. The most efficient catalyst was derived from 4-t-butyl-2,5-bis[(quinolinylimino)methyl]phenolate and two Cu(II) ions. Depending on the counter-anion nature and the concentration of the reaction mixture, the reaction can be directed to predominant C?N-bond formation. Forty-three derivatives of diphenylamine were prepared under the optimized conditions. The proposed mechanism of the catalysis was based on the reduction potential of a series of complexes, molecular weight measurements of the catalytic complex in MeOH and the kinetic studies of aniline and phenylboronic acid coupling. In addition, an 1H NMR experiment in a sealed NMR tube, without external oxygen supply available, proved that no complete Cu(II) to Cu(I) conversion was observed under the condition, ruling out the usually accepted mechanism of the C?N coupling, which included the oxygenation of the intermediately formed Cu(I) complexes after the key step of C?N conversion had already been completed. Instead, a mechanism was proposed, involving an oxygen molecule coordinated to two copper ions in the key C?N bond formation without any detectable conversion of the Cu(II) complexes to Cu(I).
- Akatyev, Nikolay,Il'in, Mikhail,Il'in, Mikhail,Peregudova, Svetlana,Peregudov, Alexander,Buyanovskaya, Anastasiya,Kudryavtsev, Kirill,Dubovik, Alexander,Grinberg, Valerij,Orlov, Victor,Pavlov, Alexander,Novikov, Valentin,Volkov, Ilya,Belokon, Yuri
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p. 3010 - 3021
(2020/04/29)
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- Tunable Electrochemical C?N versus N?N Bond Formation of Nitrogen-Centered Radicals Enabled by Dehydrogenative Dearomatization: Biological Applications
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Herein, an environmentally friendly electrochemical approach is reported that takes advantage of the captodative effect and delocalization effect to generate nitrogen-centered radicals (NCRs). By changing the reaction parameters of the electrode material and feedstock solubility, dearomatization enabled a selective dehydrogenative C?N versus N?N bond formation reaction. Hence, pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole and tetraarylhydrazine frameworks were prepared through a sustainable transition-metal- and exogenous oxidant-free strategy with broad generality. Bioactivity assays demonstrated that pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles displayed antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity against human cancer cells. Compound 21 exhibited good photochemical properties with a large Stokes shift (approximately 130 nm) and was successfully applied to subcellular imaging. A preliminary mechanism investigation and density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed the possible reaction pathway.
- Chen, Jianbin,Cui, Yuezhi,Gao, Wei,Han, Xiaoxin,Hu, Wei,Lv, Shide,Ma, Li,Niu, Liwei,Wang, Jian-Yong,Wu, Yanwei,Zhou, Jianhua,Zhou, Mingyang
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supporting information
p. 11583 - 11590
(2020/05/06)
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- Ruthenium-catalyzed synthesis of indole derivatives from: N -aryl-2-aminopyridines and alpha-carbonyl sulfoxonium ylides
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Indole is a ubiquitous structural motif with important applications in many areas of chemistry. Given this, a simple and efficient Ru(ii)-catalyzed synthesis of indole via intermolecular annulation of N-aryl-2-aminopyridines and sulfoxonium ylides was proposed and accomplished. Excellent selectivity and good functional group tolerance of this transformation were observed. This protocol provides easy access to a wide variety of useful indoles in the presence of a commercially available [Ru(p-cymene)Cl2]2 catalyst. A possible mechanism for the reaction pathway was also proposed. More importantly, this reaction will offer a useful method for the construction of enantioenriched indole frameworks.
- Cui, Xin-Feng,Ban, Zi-Hui,Tian, Wa-Fa,Hu, Fang-Peng,Zhou, Xiao-Qiang,Ma, Hao-Jie,Zhan, Zhen-Zhen,Huang, Guo-Sheng
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supporting information
p. 240 - 243
(2019/01/10)
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- Allyl complexes for use in coupling reactions
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A complex of formula (1), wherein, M is palladium or nickel, R1 and R2 are independently organic groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, or R1 and R2 are linked to form a ring structure with the phosphorus atom, R3 is selected from the group consisting of substituted and unsubstituted aryl, substituted and unsubstituted heteroaryl, and substituted and unsubstituted metallocenyl, R4 is an organic group having 1-20 carbon atoms, n is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, X is an anionic ligand. A process for the preparation of the complex, and its use in carbon-carbon or carbon-nitrogen coupling reactions is also provided.
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Page/Page column 21; 22; 27; 28; 32
(2019/01/12)
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- Synthesis method of aza-arylamine compound and aza-arylamine compound
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The invention provides a synthesis method of an aza-arylamine compound as shown in a formula (I). The synthesis method comprises the following steps: an aza aromatic hydrocarbon compound as shown in aformula (II) reacts with an amine compound as shown in a formula (III) in presence of alkali and under a heating condition, so that u X substituent groups on an A ring of the compound as shown in theformula (II) are substituted by NRR in the compound as shown in the formula (III), and the compound as shown in the formula (I) is obtained, wherein A is an aza six-membered aromatic ring or five-membered aromatic ring, and is an independent single ring or is fused with a ring B; X refers to that the A ring has at least n X substituent groups, each X substituent group is independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, CN, alkoxy of C and alkylthio of C, and n is a positive integer selected from 1-5; and the alkali is one or a mixture of more selected fromof BuOK, BuONa, BuONa, KHMDS, NaHMDS and LiHMDS. The synthesis method provided by the invention does not need the use of transition metal catalysts, is simple and convenient to operate, is economical and practical and is environmentally friendly. In addition, the invention also provides the aza-arylamine compound prepared by the method.
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Paragraph 0056; 0057; 0058; 0085
(2019/04/26)
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- COMPOUND FOR ORGANIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT, ORGANIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT USING THE SAME, AND A ELECTRONIC DEVICE THEREOF
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PURPOSE: A compound containing bisindole for an organic electronic element is provided to improve light emitting efficiency, heat resistance, color purity, and lifetime and to lower driving voltage. CONSTITUTION: A compound for an organic electronic element contains compounds of chemical formulas 1 and 2. The organic electronic element contains one or more organic layers containing the compound. The organic layers are formed of the compounds by a solution process. The organic electronic element sequentially comprises a first electrode, the organic layers, and a second electrode. The organic layers are selected among a light emitting layer, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron injection layer, and an electron transport layer. An electronic device comprises a display device containing the organic electronic element, and a control unit which drives the display device.
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Paragraph 0091; 0093; 0095-0097
(2019/03/30)
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- CoII immobilized on an aminated magnetic metal-organic framework catalyzed C-N and C-S bond forming reactions: A journey for the mild and efficient synthesis of arylamines and arylsulfides
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In this work, we report a simple and versatile method for the modification of a metal-organic framework (NH2-MIL53(Al)) in a step-wise manner. To characterize the synthesized nanostructured catalyst, a variety of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques including FT-IR, XRD, BET, TEM, FE-SEM, EDX, EDX-mapping, TGA, XPS, VSM, ICP-OES and CHN have been employed. Fe3O4@AMCA-MIL53(Al)-NH2-CoII NPs, which benefit from small nanocrystalline size (10-30 nm, according to the XRD and TEM data) in combination with the coexistence of magnetic nanoparticles, a metal-organic framework, and cobalt species, were found to be an excellent environment catalyst to promote the C-N and C-S cross coupling reactions. A wide range of functional substrates including electron-withdrawing and electron-donating aryl halides underwent the coupling reaction with aromatic/heteroaromatic/benzylic and aliphatic amines and sulfides. The results demonstrated that the yields of the target products were good to excellent and the catalyst can be recycled for at least seven recycling runs without a discernible decrease in its catalytic activity. Furthermore, the heterogeneity studies (such as hot filtration and poisoning tests) efficiently confirmed that the as-synthesized nanostructured catalyst is heterogeneous and completely stable under the reaction conditions. We hope that our study inspires more interest in designing novel catalysts based on using low-cost metal ions (such as cobalt) in the field of cross coupling reactions.
- Mohammadinezhad, Arezou,Akhlaghinia, Batool
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supporting information
p. 15525 - 15538
(2019/10/19)
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- Synthesis of 2-substituted indoles by iridium (III)-catalyzed C–]H functionalization of N-phenylpyridin-2-amines
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A highly regioselective synthesis of 2-substituted indoles was realized through Ir(III)-catalyzed C–]H functionalization of N-phenylpyridin-2-amines followed by the reaction with sulfoxonium ylides and intramolecular cyclization under mild conditions. The reaction completed with broad range of substrate scopes and gave various 2-substituted indoles in up to 98% yields.
- Zhang, Lei,Chen, Junyu,Chen, Jinkang,Jin, Licheng,Zheng, Xiangyun,Jiang, Xinpeng,Yu, Chuanming
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supporting information
p. 1053 - 1056
(2019/03/20)
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- Palladium-Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Sulfides and Sulfoxides with Azaarylamines of Poor Nucleophilicity
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The amination of aryl sulfides and sulfoxides with azaarylamines is investigated using a palladium-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complex. Because azaarylamines are less nucleophilic than anilines, more reactive diaryl sulfides and sulfoxides are found to be suitable coupling partners that liberate better leaving arenethiolate or arenesulfenate anions, instead of aryl methyl sulfides as reported previously.
- Pratap, Ramendra,Yorimitsu, Hideki
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p. 2705 - 2712
(2019/06/19)
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- Palladium-Catalyzed Amidation and Amination of (Hetero)aryl Chlorides under Homogeneous Conditions Enabled by a Soluble DBU/NaTFA Dual-Base System
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The palladium-catalyzed coupling of aryl and heteroaryl chlorides with primary amides under mild homogeneous reaction conditions is reported. Successful C-N coupling is enabled by the use of a unique "dual-base" system consisting of DBU and NaTFA, which serve as proton acceptor and halide scavenger, respectively, using low catalyst loadings (0.5 mol %) with readily available, air-stable palladium precatalysts. The DBU/NaTFA system also enables the room-temperature coupling of primary aryl amines with aryl chlorides and is tolerant of a variety of base-sensitive functional groups.
- Beutner, Gregory L.,Coombs, John R.,Green, Rebecca A.,Inankur, Bahar,Lin, Dong,Qiu, Jun,Roberts, Frederick,Simmons, Eric M.,Wisniewski, Steven R.
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supporting information
p. 1529 - 1537
(2019/09/04)
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- Anticancer-Active N-Heteroaryl Amines Syntheses: Nucleophilic Amination of N-Heteroaryl Alkyl Ethers with Amines
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A mild amination protocol of N-heteroaryl alkyl ethers with various amines is described. This transformation is achieved by utilizing simple and readily available base as promoter via C-O bond cleavage, offering a new amination strategy to access several anticancer-active compounds. This work is highlighted by the excellent functional group compatibility, scalability, wide substrate scope, and easy derivatization of a variety of drugs.
- Wang, Xia,Yang, Qiu-Xia,Long, Cheng-Yu,Tan, Yan,Qu, Yi-Xin,Su, Min-Hui,Huang, Si-Jie,Tan, Weihong,Wang, Xue-Qiang
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supporting information
p. 5111 - 5115
(2019/07/03)
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- Fe3O4@SiO2-copper sucrose xanthate as a green nanocatalyst for N-, O- and S-arylation
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Formation of C(sp2)–X bonds was carried out using a Fe3O4@SiO2-copper(I) sucrose xanthate nanoparticle catalyst with the aid of the copper(I) xanthate moiety in the catalyst which was prepared from the reaction between sucrose and carbon disulfide through an alkaline medium via the traditional Zeise approach. Various techniques were employed for the characterization of these novel nanoparticles. Three sorts of heteroatoms, N, O and S, successfully underwent heteroatom arylation to produce secondary or tertiary amines, ethers and thioethers, respectively.
- Radfar, Iman,Kazemi Miraki, Maryam,Esfandiary, Naghmeh,Ghandi, Leila,Heydari, Akbar
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- Nickel-catalyzed N-arylation of amines with arylboronic acids under open air
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In this study, a well-defined, novel NHC-Ni complex was developed and used to catalyze the N-arylation of alkyl- and arylamines with arylboronic acids in a rare version of Chan-Lam coupling. Although the same coupling using copper catalysts has been widely studied, the nickel-catalyzed version is rare and normally requires 10–20 mol% catalyst loading. This novel NHC-Ni complex in combination with 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine, however, proved to be an effective catalyst that lowered the required catalyst loading to only 2.0 mol%.
- Ando, Shin,Hirota, Yurina,Matsunaga, Hirofumi,Ishizuka, Tadao
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supporting information
p. 1277 - 1280
(2019/04/10)
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- Copper-catalyzed, ceric ammonium nitrate mediated N-arylation of amines
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Cu-Catalyzed, ligand- and base-free cross-coupling of aryl boronic acids with primary and secondary amines has been reported. This ‘Chan-Evans-Lam' reaction has revealed that at room temperature, with a catalytic amount of copper(ii) acetate and ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as an oxidant, N-arylation can result in an effective C-N bond formation. This air stable, practical, robust protocol enables tolerance towards a variety of functional groups on both boronic acid and amine partners.
- Gonela, Uma Maheshwar,Ablordeppey, Seth Y.
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supporting information
p. 2861 - 2864
(2019/02/17)
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- Copper Acetate Aerobic Oxidative Synthesis of Pyrido[1,2- a ]benzimidazoles from Aminopyridines and Phenylboronic Acids
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Pyrido[1,2- a ]benzimidazoles, which show interesting and potentially useful biological activities, have drawn extensive attention from chemists. A straightforward copper acetate-oxidative one-pot synthesis of these compounds from 2-aminopyridines and phenylboronic acids through C-N bond formation and C-H bond activation was developed as a simple and convenient method.
- Guo, Hui,Liu, Jingli,Yan, Hao,Zhang, Guanghui,Zhang, Shuan,Zhou, Xiaoqiang,Zuo, Zhenyu
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supporting information
p. 1469 - 1473
(2019/07/15)
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- An Effective Heterogeneous Copper Catalyst System for C-N Coupling and Its Application in the Preparation of 2-Methyl-4-methoxydiphenylamine (MMDPA)
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A ligand-recyclable, environmentally benign heterogeneous catalyst system composed of CuI and polystyrene-supported N (-(4-(aminomethyl)naphthalen-1-yl)- N (-phenyl-1 H -pyrrole-2-carbohydrazide (PSAP) has been established for Ullmann type C-N coupling based on the homogeneous catalyst system N ′, N ′-diphenyl-1 H -pyrrole-2-carbohydrazide/CuI. This heterogeneous catalyst system maintained the catalytic effectiveness of the homogeneous catalyst. A variety of functionalized aryl bromides can be efficiently aminated with aryl amines and aliphatic amines with high selectivity for amines over alcohols. Moreover, a practical application of this catalyst system to promote the reaction of commercially available 4-methoxy-2-methylaniline and bromobenzene in 10 mmol scale, provided 2-methyl-4-methoxydiphenylamine (MMDPA) with 93% yield with the merit of the approach being simple operation for work-up and purification.
- Yi, Zhou,Huang, Manna,Wan, Yiqian,Zhu, Xinhai
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p. 3911 - 3920
(2018/09/29)
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- COMPOUND FOR ORGANIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT, ORGANIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT USING THE SAME, AND A ELECTRONIC DEVICE THEREOF
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The present invention is to complete an element with low-voltage driving, high life expectancy, and high efficiency through development of a bisindole derivative compound for implementing an element with low-voltage driving, high life expectancy, and high efficiency, which are required characteristics of an organic electroluminescent element. A compound for an organic electronic element includes a compound of a chemical formula 1.COPYRIGHT KIPO 2018
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Paragraph 0104-0106
(2019/01/05)
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- Copper immobilized at a covalent organic framework: An efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the Chan-Lam coupling reaction of aryl boronic acids and amines
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A polyimide covalent organic framework (PI-COF) with high thermal and chemical stabilities has been readily prepared from commercially available and inexpensive reagents and was employed as an effective support for heterogeneous copper. It was demonstrated that the obtained Cu@PI-COF is a highly active heterogeneous catalyst which can effectively promote the Chan-Lam coupling reaction of aryl boronic acids and amines in an open flask without the aid of any base or additive. In addition, the catalyst could be readily recovered from the reaction mixture by simple filtration and reused for at least eight cycles without any observable change in structure and catalytic activity.
- Han, Yi,Zhang, Mo,Zhang, Ya-Qing,Zhang, Zhan-Hui
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p. 4891 - 4900
(2018/11/21)
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- Chan-Evans-Lam Couplings with Copper Iminoarylsulfonate Complexes: Scope and Mechanism
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Copper(II) pyridyliminoarylsulfonate complexes with chloride or triflate counteranions were employed in Chan-Evans-Lam (CEL) couplings of N-nucleophiles and arylboronic acids. The complexes avoided typical side reactions in CEL couplings, and an excess of boronic acid was not required. Water was tolerated, and addition of neither base nor other additives was necessary. Primary amines, acyclic and cyclic secondary amines, anilines, aminophenol, imidazole, pyrazole, and phenyltetrazole can be quantitatively arylated at either 25 or 50 °C with 2.5 mol % of the catalyst. Reaction kinetics were investigated in detail. Kinetic and spectroscopic studies provide evidence for the formation of unproductive copper-substrate complexes. Formation of an aniline-phenylboronic acid adduct was responsible for the zero-order dependence of reaction rates on phenylboronic acid concentration. Kinetic evidence indicates that the order of reaction steps is transmetalation, nucleophile coordination, and oxidation. Couplings performed poorly with electron-deficient arylboronic acids, due to a slower Cu(II)/Cu(III) oxidation in the catalytic cycle. Photoredox catalysis partially resolved this problem, but addition of copper acetate as an external oxidant proved to be more efficient.
- Hardouin Duparc, Valérie,Bano, Guillaume L.,Schaper, Frank
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p. 7308 - 7325
(2018/07/05)
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- The invention relates to a N, N - disubstituted hydrazide as ligand copper catalysis C - N coupling method (by machine translation)
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The invention discloses a to N, N - disubstituted hydrazide as ligand copper catalysis C - N coupling method, the method uses the aromatic halides with amine compound as a raw material, in order to alcohol compound as the solvent, in order to copper or copper compound as a catalyst, in order to as formula I or formula II as shown by a N, N - disubstituted hydrazide as a ligand, the presence of a base, in the 10 - 130 °C generating C - N coupled reaction for generating N - aryl compound: the invention mild reaction conditions, high chemical selectivity, substrate and wide range of application, simplicity of operation, product is simple and easy to separation and environmental protection, the obtained product yield is higher. Wherein R1, R2 is selected from methyl, phenyl, 4 - methoxyphenyl, 4 - nitro-phenyl, 2 - methylphenyl, 2 - isopropyl phenyl; R3 is hydrogen or methoxy. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0100-0102
(2017/07/21)
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- Room-Temperature CuI-Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Iodides and Aryl Bromides
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A general and effective CuI/N′,N′-diaryl-1H-pyrrole-2-carbohydrazide catalyst system was developed for the amination of aryl iodides and bromides at room temperature with good chemoselectivity between -OH and -NH2 groups. Only 5 mol % of CuI and ligands was needed in this protocol to effect the amination of various aryl bromides and aryl iodides with a wide range of aliphatic and aryl amines (1.3 equiv).
- Ding, Xiaomei,Huang, Manna,Yi, Zhou,Du, Dongchen,Zhu, Xinhai,Wan, Yiqian
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p. 5416 - 5423
(2017/05/25)
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- Ruthenium-Catalyzed para-Selective C?H Alkylation of Aniline Derivatives
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The para-selective C?H alkylation of aniline derivatives furnished with a pyrimidine auxiliary is herein reported. This reaction is proposed to take place via an N?H-activated cyclometalate formed in situ. Experimental and DFT mechanistic studies elucidate a dual role of the ruthenium catalyst. Here the ruthenium catalyst can undergo cyclometalation by N?H metalation (as opposed to C?H metalation in meta-selective processes) and form a redox active ruthenium species, to enable site-selective radical addition at the para position.
- Leitch, Jamie A.,McMullin, Claire L.,Paterson, Andrew J.,Mahon, Mary F.,Bhonoah, Yunas,Frost, Christopher G.
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supporting information
p. 15131 - 15135
(2017/11/20)
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- [P,N]-phosphinobenzimidazole ligands in palladium-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling reactions: The effect of the N-substituent of the benzimidazole scaffold on catalyst performance
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A series of [P,N]-phosphinobenzimidazole ligands is reported in which the charge (anionic vs. neutral) and size of the N-substituent of the benzimidazole scaffold has been varied. In order to evaluate the impact of the substituent's properties on the performance of the metal in catalytic reactions, each ligand was screened for its ability to promote the cross-coupling of aryl bromides with various primary aryl amines using palladium as the metal source. In general, the ligands formed active cross-coupling catalysts with palladium. Moreover, the ligand variants containing larger N-substituents boosted the efficiency of the cross-coupling reaction considerably, while their charge (either anionic or neutral) appeared to have no significant impact.
- Tassone, Joseph P.,Spivak, Gregory J.
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supporting information
p. 57 - 61
(2017/05/10)
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- Three Different Reactions, One Catalyst: A Cu(I) PNP Pincer Complex as Catalyst for C-C and C-N Cross-Couplings
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An air-stable, thermally robust, and well-defined Cu(I) PNP pincer complex based on the 2,6-diaminopyridine scaffold is described. This complex is an active catalyst for the cross-couplings of a range of aryl and heteroaryl (including benzoxazole, thiazole, pyridine, and thiophene) halides with different organomagnesium reagents, alkynes, and aryl-amines giving excellent to good isolated yields.
- Mastalir, Matthias,Pittenauer, Ernst,St?ger, Berthold,Allmaier, Günter,Kirchner, Karl
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supporting information
p. 2178 - 2181
(2017/04/28)
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- Iridium-Catalysed Cascade Synthesis of Oxindoles Using Diazo Compounds: A Quick Entry to C-7-Functionalized Oxindoles
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A cascade iridium-catalysed oxindole synthesis was achieved using pyridyl-protected anilines and bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) 2-diazomalonate. The developed protocol is simple and scalable, and has a broad scope and excellent regioselectivity. The pyridyl directing group can easily be removed. The method was further extended to give C-7-functionalized oxindole derivatives in a straightforward manner. The role of bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) 2-diazomalonate for oxindole preparation has been explored.
- Karmakar, Ujjwal,Das, Debapratim,Samanta, Rajarshi
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p. 2780 - 2788
(2017/05/29)
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- METHOD FOR PRODUCING PHENYLAMINOPYRIDINE COMPOUND
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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technique which makes it possible to produce a phenylaminopyridine compound economically and efficiently under a milder condition than before, with the reduced number of steps, and by convenient operation. SOLUTION: A method for producing a phenylaminopyridine compound includes the step in which an aniline compound and a halogenated pyridine compound react with liquid comprising alkali metal in a reaction solvent to prepare a phenylaminopyridine compound. SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1 COPYRIGHT: (C)2017,JPOandINPIT
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Paragraph 0063
(2018/02/24)
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- Application of a 2-aryl indenylphosphine ligand in the Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling reactions of aryl and heteroaryl chlorides under the solvent-free and aqueous conditions
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An efficient solvent-free protocol for the Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling reaction of aryl and heteroaryl chlorides with primary and secondary amines using the Pd(dba)2/ligand 1 catalytic system has been developed. Notably, the catalytic system also efficiently catalyzed the reaction under aqueous conditions.
- Liu, Yan,Yuan, Jia,Wang, Zi-Fei,Zeng, Si-Hao,Gao, Meng-Yue,Ruan, Mei-Lin,Chen, Jian,Yu, Guang-Ao
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supporting information
p. 5805 - 5810
(2017/07/22)
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- Robust Acenaphthoimidazolylidene Palladacycles: Highly Efficient Catalysts for the Amination of N-Heteroaryl Chlorides
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A series of robust N-heterocyclic carbene palladacycles have been successfully developed. These showed high catalytic activity and selectivity toward the challenging amination of N-heteroaryl chlorides. Different primary and secondary amines were fully compatible with this catalytic system. Remarkably, no double amination products could be detected when primary amines were utilized in our catalytic transformation. Furthermore, the protocol has been successfully extended to synthesize rosiglitazone, a clinical drug for diabetes mellitus, highlighting its potential pharmaceutical feasibility.
- Deng, Qinyue,Zhang, Yang,Zhu, Haibo,Tu, Tao
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supporting information
p. 2364 - 2368
(2017/09/06)
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- Spectroscopic Studies of the Chan-Lam Amination: A Mechanism-Inspired Solution to Boronic Ester Reactivity
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We report an investigation of the Chan-Lam amination reaction. A combination of spectroscopy, computational modeling, and crystallography has identified the structures of key intermediates and allowed a complete mechanistic description to be presented, including off-cycle inhibitory processes, the source of amine and organoboron reactivity issues, and the origin of competing oxidation/protodeboronation side reactions. Identification of key mechanistic events has allowed the development of a simple solution to these issues: manipulating Cu(I) → Cu(II) oxidation and exploiting three synergistic roles of boric acid has allowed the development of a general catalytic Chan-Lam amination, overcoming long-standing and unsolved amine and organoboron limitations of this valuable transformation.
- Vantourout, Julien C.,Miras, Haralampos N.,Isidro-Llobet, Albert,Sproules, Stephen,Watson, Allan J. B.
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supporting information
p. 4769 - 4779
(2017/04/11)
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