- Hydrolysis of nitriles using an immobilized nitrilase: Applications to the synthesis of methionine hydroxy analogue derivatives
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Mild and selective hydrolysis of a large range of nitriles leading to carboxylic acids was achieved under neutral conditions by an immobilized and genetically modified enzyme preparation from Alcaligenes faecalis ATCC8750. This immobilized nitrilase has been shown to be an effective catalyst for the stereoselective hydrolysis of mandelonitrile 1a to R-(-)-mandelic acid 1c. This method is particularly useful for the production of hydroxy analogues of methionine derivatives 2c-4c that could have an interest in cattle feeding and for the transformation of compounds containing other acid- or base-sensitive groups 3a-10a. A series of aliphatic dinitriles 11a-15a was hydrolyzed to the corresponding cyano acids. The suitability of the immobilized catalyst as a robust and versatile biocatalyst is discussed, and models to account for the stereoselectivity of the enzymic hydrolysis have been proposed.
- Rey, Patrick,Rossi, Jean-Christophe,Taillades, Jacques,Gros, Georges,Nore, Olivier
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- PROCESSES FOR THE PREPARATION OF ALPHA-HYDROXY ESTERS BY ESTERIFICATION OF ALPHA-HYDROXY ACIDS
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The present disclosure provides processes for preparing an alpha-hydroxy ester from the corresponding alpha-hydroxy acid by transesterification. Also provided are alphahydroxy esters prepared according to processes disclosed herein and compositions comprising the alpha-hydroxy esters.
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Paragraph 0168-172; 180-0185
(2021/03/13)
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- SULFUR-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS AS SOLVENTS
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Methods for using sulfur-containing compounds comprising short chain aliphatic ester or amide moieties as solvents and compositions comprising these compounds are provided.
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Page/Page column 42
(2018/03/24)
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- ETHOXYLATED SURFACTANTS
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The present invention provides sulfur- or selenium-containing compounds comprising hydrophobic moieties and ethoxylated ester or ethoxylated amide moieties such that the compounds have surfactant properties. Also provided are methods for using the disclosed compounds or mixtures thereof in a variety of applications.
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Paragraph 0161
(2015/07/15)
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- SULFOXIDE-BASED SURFACTANTS
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The present invention provides sulfoxide compounds comprising hydrophobic ester or amide moieties such that the compounds have surfactant properties. Also provided are methods for using the sulfoxide compounds or mixtures of the sulfoxide compounds in a variety of applications.
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Paragraph 0149
(2013/07/19)
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- Palatability of aquaculture feed
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A method for enhancing the palatability of aquaculture food, the method comprising treating the food with a compound of Formula I: wherein R1, R2, R3, and n are as defined herein, are disclosed.
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- Nonionic X-ray contrast agents, compositions and methods
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Triiodinated isophthalamide derivatives, useful as X-ray contrast agents, having at least one amide group derived from the amino-alcohol, 3-(N-2-hydroxyethyl)amino-1,2-propanediol, which provides high water solubility and low mammalian toxicity, and methods of preparing them. Methods of preparing 3-(N-2-hydroxyethyl)amino-1,2-propanediol are provided.
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