126-29-4 Usage
Description
Violaxanthin, also known as trans-Violaxanthin, is a natural xanthophyll pigment belonging to the carotenoid family. It exhibits an orange color and is found in a variety of plants, including pansies. VIOLAXANTHIN is approved for use as a food additive and food coloring, adding vibrancy and enhancing the visual appeal of various food products.
Uses
Used in Food Industry:
Violaxanthin is used as a food additive and coloring agent for its vibrant orange hue. It is employed to enhance the visual appeal and appearance of a wide range of food products, contributing to their overall aesthetic and consumer appeal.
Used in Analytical Chemistry:
In the field of analytical chemistry, Violaxanthin serves as a standard or control in high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of pigment extracts. This application is particularly useful for confirming the high-level astaxanthin accumulation suspected from the visual phenotype of Nt-AXT plants, ensuring accurate and reliable results in pigment analysis.
General Description:
Violaxanthins are a group of natural pigmented constituents that belong to the carotenoid family. They are present in most fruits and vegetables, contributing to the vibrant colors and health benefits associated with these food sources. The presence of violaxanthins not only enhances the visual appeal of fruits and vegetables but also plays a role in their antioxidant properties, promoting overall health and well-being.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Violaxanthin is a carotene epoxide that is a precursor to capsanthin. It is one of three xanthophylls involved in the evolution of plastids of green plants (oxygen evolution) and participating in photo-induced interconversions known as the violaxanthin cycle. The cleavage of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoids (violaxanthin) to xanthoxin is the key regulatory step of abscisic acid biosynthesis.
Purification Methods
Also purify it by column chromatography, and the purity is checked by TLC (see -carotene). It has at 415, 440 and 469nm. [Kuhn & Winterstein Ber 64 326 1931, Karrer et al. max Helv Chim Acta 14 1044 1931, Absolute Config: Bartlett et al. J Chem Soc (C) 2527 1969, Beilstein 19 III/IV 1139.]
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 126-29-4 includes 6 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 3 digits, 1,2 and 6 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 2 and 9 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 126-29:
(5*1)+(4*2)+(3*6)+(2*2)+(1*9)=44
44 % 10 = 4
So 126-29-4 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C40H56O4/c1-29(17-13-19-31(3)21-23-39-35(5,6)25-33(41)27-37(39,9)43-39)15-11-12-16-30(2)18-14-20-32(4)22-24-40-36(7,8)26-34(42)28-38(40,10)44-40/h11-24,33-34,41-42H,25-28H2,1-10H3/b12-11+,17-13+,18-14+,23-21+,24-22+,29-15+,30-16+,31-19+,32-20+/t33-,34-,37+,38+,39-,40-/m0/s1
126-29-4Relevant articles and documents
Olefin metathesis in carotenoid synthesis
Kajikawa, Takayuki,Iguchi, Naoko,Katsumura, Shigeo
, p. 4586 - 4589 (2009)
Olefin metathesis is a powerful and widely applicable synthetic method for carbon-carbon double bond formation. However, its application to the synthesis of conjugating polyene chains has been very limited because of possible undesired side reactions. We attempted to apply this method to the synthesis of symmetrical carotenoids. In this paper, the syntheses of violaxanthin and mimulaxanthin are described using the olefin metathesis protocol.
Preparation and (E/Z)-Isomerization of the Diastereoisomers of Violaxanthin
Molnar, Peter,Deli, Jozsef,Zsila, Ferenc,Steck, Andrea,Pfander, Hanspeter,Toth, Gyula
, p. 11 - 27 (2007/10/03)
Violaxanthin A (=(all-E,3S,5S,6R,3′S,5′S,6′ R)-5,6:5′,6′-diepoxy-5,6,5′,6′-tetrahydro-β, β-carotene-3,3′-diol = syn,syn-violaxanthin; 5) and violaxanthin B (=(all-E,3S,5S,6R,3′S,5′R,6′S)-5,6:5′, 6′-diepoxy-5,6,5′,6′-tetrahydro-β,β-carotene-3, 3′-diol = syn,anti-violaxanthin; 6) were prepared by epoxidation of zeaxanthin diacetate (1) with monoperphthalic acid. Violaxanthins 5 and 6 were submitted to thermal isomerization and I2-catalyzed photoisomerization. The structure of the main products, i.e., (9Z)-5, (13Z)-5, (9Z)-6, (9′Z)-6, (13Z)-6, and (13′Z)-6, was determined by their UV/VIS, CD, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and mass spectra.
Syntheses of Enantiomerically Pure Violaxanthins and Related Compounds
Acemoglu, Murat,Uebelhart, Peter,Rey, Max,Eugster, Conrad Hans
, p. 931 - 956 (2007/10/02)
The epoxides 16 and ent-16, prepared by Sharpless-Katsuki oxidation of 15 in excellent yield and very high enantiomeric purity, were used as synthons for the preparation of (+)-(S)-didehydrovomifoliol (45), (+)-(6S,7E,9E)-abscisic ester 46, (+)-(6S,7E,9Z)-abscisic ester 47, (-)-(3S,7E,9E)-xanthoxin (49), (-)-(3R,7E,9E)-xanthoxin (50), (3S,5R,6S,3'S,5'R,6'S,all-E)-violaxanthin (1), (3R,5R,6S,3'R,5'R,6'S,all-E)-violaxanthin (55) and their (9Z) (see 53, 57), (13Z) (see 54, 58), and (15Z) (see 60) isomers.The novel violadione (61) was prepared from 1 by oxidation with DMSO/Ac2O.By base treatment, 61 was converted into violadienedione (62), a potential precursor of carotenoids with phenolic end groups.